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RECORD, an authentic testimony in writing, contained in||rolls of parchment, and preserved in a court of record. SeeCourt .
Record, Trial by, a species of trial which is used only in oneparticular instance: and that is where a matter of record is pleadedin any action, as a tine, a judgement, or the like; and the oppo-site party pleads, nul del record, that there is no such matter ofrecord existing. Upon this, issue is tendered and joined in thefollowing form, “ and this he prays may be inquired of by the re-cord, and the other doth the like;” and hereupon the party plead-ing the record has a day given him to bring it in, and proclama-tion is made in court for him to “ bring forth the record by himin pleading alleged, or else he shall be condemned;” and, on hisfailure, his antagonist shall have judgement to recover.
RECORDARE FACIAS, a writ directed to the sheriff, to re-move a cause out of an inferior court, into the king’s bench orcommon pleas.
RECORDER, a person whom the mayor and other magistratesof a city or corporation associate to them, for their direction inmatters of justice and proceedings in law ; on which account tiltsperson is generally a counsellor, or other person well skilled intlie law.
R ECOVERY, or COMMON RECOVERY, in English law,is a species of assurance by matter of record ; concerning the ori-ginal of which it must be remarked, that common recoveries wereinvented by the ecclesiastics to elude the statutes of mortmain;(see Tail;) and afterwards encouraged by the finesse of the courtsof law in 12 Edw. IV. in order to put an end to all fettered inhe-ritances, and bar not only estates-tail, but also all remainders andTeversions expectant thereon.
RECREATION ISLAND, a fertile island in the S. PacificOcean. Lon. 111. 30. E. Lat. 16. 0. S.
RECREMENT, in chemistry, is the same with scoriae, fasces,and excrements.
RECRIMINATION, inlaw, is an accusation brought by theaccused against the accuser upon the same fact.
RECRUITS, in military affairs, are new-raised soldiers, to sup-ply the place of those who have lost their lives in the service, orwho are disabled by age or wounds.
RECTANGLE, in geometry, is the same with a right-angledparallelogram. See Geometry .
RECTANGLED, RECTANGULAR , or RIGHT-AN-GLED, appellations given to figures and solids which have oneor more right angles; thus a triangle with one right angle, is term-ed a rectangled triangle; also parallelograms w ith right angles,squares, cubes, &c. are rectangular.
RECTIFICATION, the art of setting any thing to rights: andhence, to rectify the globes, is to fit them for performing any pro-blem.
Rectification, in chemistry, is nothing but the repetition of adistillation, or sublimation, several times, in order to render thesubstance purer, finer, and freer, from aqueous or earthy parts.
Rectification, in geometry, is the finding a right line, equal*n length to a curve. See Curve , and Fluxions.
REC TIFIER, in navigation, an instrument consisting of twoParts, which are two circles, either laid one upon, or let into, the°lher, and so fastened together in their centres, that they repre-sent two compasses, one fixed, the other moveable; each of themdivided intothe 32 points of the compass, and 360”, and numberedboth ways, from the north and the south, ending at the east and'y est , in 90”. The fixed compass represents the horizon, in whichthe north and all the other points of the compass are fixed and im-uioveable. The moveable compass represents the mariner’s coni-Puss; m which the north and all other points are liable to variation.r n tbe centre of the moveable compass is fastened a silk-thread,, on g enough to reac h the outside of the fixed compass. But if theinstrument be made of wood, there is an index instead of thethread. Its use is to find the variation of the compass, to rectifyBtrcn* at ?ea ’ having the amplitude or azimuth given.RECTILINEAR, in geometry, right-lined; thus figures whose** fcS^SL2? nsists r 'Rht lines, are said to be rectilinear.
_ , r tTUDE, Moral, uprightness . It is the choosing andP wimgtliose things which the mind, upon due inquiry and at-P erc eives to be good; and voiding those that areSee Moral Philosophy.
RECTOR, a term applied to several persons whose offices arevery different 1 : as, 1. The rector of a parish is a clergyman thathas the church and cure of a parish, and possesses all the tithes,&c. 2. The same name is also given to the chief elective officer
in several foreign universities, particularly in that of Paris , and alsoin those of Scotland . 3. It is also applied to the head-master oflarge schools in Scotland , as in the high school of Edinburgh. 4.Rector is also used in several convents for the superior officer whogoverns the house: and the Jesuits gave this name to the superiorsof such of their houses as are either seminaries or colleges.
RECTORY , inlaw, is taken for an entire parish-church, withall its rights, glebes, tithes, and other profits whatsoever.
RECTUM, in anatomy, the last of the large intestines or guts.See Anatomy.
RECTUS , in anatomy, a name common to several pairs ofmuscles, so called on account of the straightness of their fibres.See Anatomy.
RliCUPERATORES, among the ancient Romans, were com-missioners appointed to take cognizance of private matters in dis-pute between the subjects of the state and foreigners, and to takecare that the former had justice done them.
RECURRENTS, in anatomy, a name given to several largebranches of nerves sent out by the par vagum from the upper partof the thorax to the larynx. See Anatomy.
RECURRING SERIES, is a series constituted in such a man-ner, that having taken at pleasure any number of its terms, each 1following term shall be related to the same number of preceding 1terms according to a constant law of relation.
RECURVIROSTRA, the Avoset; a genus of birds of theorder Grail*. Bill long, very thin, and bending considerably up-wards; nostrils narrow and pervious; tongue short; feet palmated;hind-toe very short and high. There are three species. The R.avosetta is delineated in Plate CXXXV.
RECUSANTS, such persons as acknowledge the pope to bethe supreme head of the church, and refuse to acknowledge theking’s supremacy ; w ho are hence called popish recusants.
RED, one of the colours, called simple or primary : being one 1of the shades into which the light naturally divides itself, when re-fracted through a prism. See Optics.
Red, in dyeing. See Dyeing. Some reckon six kinds orcasts of red, viz. scarlet, crimson, madder,, half-grain, livelyorange, and scarlet of cochineal.
Red, in heraldry. See Gules.
Red Book of the Exchequer, an ancient record or MSI vo-lume, in the keeping of the king’s remembrancer, containing di-vers miscellaneous treatises relating to the times before the con-quest.
Red Lake, two lakes of North America ; the one seated inLon. 94. io. W. Lat. 51. 5. N. the other in Lon. 95. 15. W. Lat..47. 40. N.
Red-Lead. See Minium.
Red Russia, or Little Russia, a late province of Poland, ,bounded on the W. by Upper Poland, N. by Lithuania , E. bvthe country of the Little Tartars, and on the S. by Moldavia ,Transylvania, and part of Hungary .
Red Sea , or Arabic Gulf, so much celebrated in sacred his-tory, separates Arabia from Upper Ethiopia and part of Egypt .This sea is 350 leagues in length, and 40 in breadth. Mr. Brucesays, that it was named from Eilom, or Esau , the brother of Jacob;or from the colour of the sand on its coast.
Red-breast. See Motacilla.
REDDENDUM, inlaw, is used substantively for the clausein a lease wherein the rent is reserved to the lessor. The properplace for it is next after the limitation of estate.
REDD 1TIO, was the third part of the sacrifice of the heathens,and consisted of the solemn act of putting in again the entrails ofthe victims, after they had been religiously inspected. See Sa-crifice.
REDDLE, a soft, heavy, red marie, of great-use in colouring;and being washed and freed from sand, is often sold by our drug-gists under the name of bole armeniac. See Bole.
REDEMPTION, in theology, denotes the recovery of man-kind from sin and death, by the obedience and sacrifice of Christ,who on this account is called the Redeemer of the world. SeeTheqlogy.
RedemptjoiG