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REICHKN BACH, a town of Upper Saxony, in Voglland, 10miles S. W. of Zw ickau, and 58 W S. W. ot Dresden .

Reichenbach, a circle of Silesia, in Sclnveidnuz.

Reichenbach, the capital of Hie above circle, 9 miles S. E.of Schweidnitz .

RE1C HEN BERG, a town of Bohemia , in Boleslaw, 95 milesW. .of Prague, and ‘205 N. W. of Vienna .

R EfCH ENII ALL, a town of Bavaria , on the Sala, 9 miles S.\V. of Salzburg, and 64 of Munich . Lon. 12. 54. E. Lat. 47.40. N.

REICIIENSTEIN, a town of Silesia, 5 miles from Glatz, fa-mous for the mines near it. Lon. 16. 55. E. Lat. 50. 25. N.

REID, Thomas, D. D. a late eminent Scottish writer, wasthe son of the Rev. Lewis Reid, minister of Strachan, in Kincar-dineshire , by a daughter of David Gregory, Esq. of lxinardie, andsister of professors David, James, and Charles Gregories. (SeeGregory.) He was born at Strachan manse, in April 1710;and educated lirst at the parish-school of Kincardine O’Niel;whence lie was sent to the Marisclial college, Aberdeen, in histwelfth year; where he soon displayed llie genius of his maternaluncles ; look his degree of M. A. and studied theology. Afterobtaining his licence, he cultivated mathematics under professorJohn Stuart, whose place lie often supplied in his absence, greatlyto the advantage of the students. Alter this lie was preferred tothe church of New Maehar, and soon overcame the popular pre-judice against him, on account of that patronage. On the 22d ofNovember 1751, lie was appointed professor of philosophy, inKing’s College, Aberdeen, an office for which he was peculiarlyqualified. Soon after this, he wrote his Essay on Quantity, pub-lished in the Philos. Trans, vol. 45; which is esteemed the finestspecimen of metaphysical mathematics extant. About this timetoo, he was made D. D. and published his celebrated Inquiry intothe Human Mind, on the Principles of Common Sense ; a workwhich lias contributed more than any other, to give a rationalturn to metaphysics. On the death of Dr. Adam Smith , lie wascalled to be professor of moral philosophy, in the University ofGlasgow , on the 11 th of June 1764. In 1773, appeared in L.Karnes’s Sketches of the History of Man, a brief Account of Aris-totle’s Logic , with Remarks by Dr. Reid ; which is esteemed byJudges the best analysis yet given of that philosopher’s writings,fn 1785, he published Essays on the Intellectual Powers of Man ;dedicated to Dr. Gregory and professor Stewart, of Edinburgh ;and in 1788, E.says on the Active Powers of Man; both in 4to.He died in October 171)6, aged 87. He bad been married, andleft one daughter. His private character for humanity, charity,and the other Christian virtues, was respectable, llis literarycharacter is well known by the public from his writings, whichwill be esteemed as long as sound sense shall be preferred to im-pious jargon. '

REINS, or KIDNEYS. See Anatomy.

Rfcr.vs of a Bridle , are two long slips of leather, fastened oneach side of a curb or suable, which the rider holds in his hand, tokeep the horse in subjection. There is also what is called falsereins; which is a lath of bather, passed sometimes through thearch of the banquet, to bend the horse's neck.

RE-INSURANCE is a second contract, made by an insurer,to irausfer the risk he has engaged for to another. It is in generalforbidden by 19 Geo. 11. c. 37, but is permitted to the representa-tives of nil insurer in case of his death, or to his assignees in caseof his bankruptcy ; and it must be mentioned in the policy that itis a re-insurance.

REJOINDER, inlaw, is the defendant’s answer to the plain-tiff's replication or reply. Thus, in the court of chancery, thedefendant pills in an answer to the plaintiff’s hill, which is some-times also called an exception; the plaintiff’s answer to that iscalled a replication, and the defendant’s answer to that a re-joinder.

KF.ISKE, John James, M. D. a most profound orientalscholar and critic, horn in 1706, at a town in the duchy of Anliali,After the usual school-education, lie went, in 1733, to Leipsic,where he studied live yea:-, acquired tin- Arabic language, andtranslated and published a hook ill it. He next travelled on footto Leyden, win-re he was employed in arranguig the ArabianMSS. though but poorly compensated for it. lie next translat-ed irom the German and French into Latin , various Essays sent

him by Dorville, whom lie had visited in his journey, and whoinserted these in the Miscellanea Critics. At Dorville’s desire healso translated the whole of the Chariton from the Greek, andAbulfeda’s Geography from the Latin . He continued eight yearsat Leyden, and received his degree in it, with uncommon respect,but left it on account of calumnies excited against him by PeterBurman, whose translation of Petronius Arbiter he had criticised.He then travelled through Germany , and settled at Leipsic, wherehe was made professor ot Arabic , and continued lor twelve years,writing for the booksellers, who did not pay him in proportion tohis merits. The Aeta Eruditorum were greatly indebted to him.On the death of Haltanshis, in 1758, he was made rector of theAcademy at Leipsic, which placed him above want. Previouslyto this lie had published his Animadvcrsiones in Auctores Graecos,in five volumes, :i work of deep erudition. In 1764, he marriedErnestina Christina M idler, a woman of extraordinary abilities,whose learning, particularly in Greek, was hardly inferior to hisown. She assisted him in all his literary labours, especially in hisimmortal work of the Edition of the Greek Orators: ill twelvevols. 8vo. Thus Reiske spent the remainder of bis life in a mostagreeable manner; and died in 1774, universally respected.I lie number of bis publications is very great. 1 lie principal arethose above mentioned, and the following; 1. Dionysius Ha-liearuassensis, seven vols. 2. Plutarch , nine vols. 3. I heo-evitus, ike.

REITZBERG, a county in Westphalia , 15 miles long, and 5broad.

Reitzberg, the capital of the above county, seated near Pa-derbnrri.

RELAPSE, a falling again into danger, evil, or disease, fromwhich a person lias escaped.

RELATION is the mutual respect of two things, or whateaeli is with regard to the other. See Metaphysics.

Relation is also used tor analogy. See Analogy, and Me-taphysics.

Relation, in geometry. See Ratio.

RELATIVE, in music. See Mode, and Musrc,

Relative Pronouns, in grammar, are those which answer tosome otiier word foregoing, called the antecedent ; such are theLatin pronouns qui, qua., quod, &c. in English , who, which,what, ik-c. The word answering to these relatives is olten under-stood, as I know whom you mean, for 1 know the person whomyou mean. See Grammar.

Relative: Terms, in logic, are words which imply relation ;as master and servant, husband and w ile, &c.

RELAXATION, in medicine, is used of the looseness orslackness of the fibres, nerves, muscles, &c.

RELEASE, in law, is a discharge or conveyance of a man’sright in lands or tenements, to another that has sonic formerestate in possession. The words generally used therein are “ re-mised, released, and for ever quit-claimed.”

RELEGATION, a kind of banishment or exile, in which aperson is sentenced to retire to a certain place prescribed, and tocontinue there a certain time, or tdl he is recalled.

REL11AN1A, in botany, a genus of the syngenesis polygamiasuperflua class and order; natural order, (Jomposita: Discouleai.Calyx imbricate, scariose ; corollels of tile ray very many ; pap-pus membranaceous, cylindrical, short ; receptacle ciuilly. Thereare sixteen species, all natives of the Cape ol Good Hope.

RELICS, in the Romish church, the remains of the bodies orclothes of saints or niartvrs, and the instruments by which theywere put to death, devoutly preserved, in honour to (heir memory,kissed, revered, and carried in procession.

RELIEF, [rcicvamni; in .Domesday , rclcvatio, relccium, lowLat.j siguines a certain sum of money, which the tenant, holdingby knight’s service, grand serjeanty, or otiier tenure, (for whichhomage or legal service is due,) and being at lull age at thedeath of his ancestor, paid unto his lord at his entrance. SeePrimer.

Relikk, in painting and sculpture. See Relievo.

Rfi.iek, Church oh, or Relief, Presbytery oh, a setof Pieslnleriaiis, in Scotland , who differ from the establishedchurch onl\ as to the suliinisoon to the law of patronage.

RELIEVE THE GUARD is to put fresh men upon guard,which is generally every 24 hours.

Relieve