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kinds of angles, the one saliant, which have their points outwards;the other re-entering, which have their points inwards.

SALIC, or SALtQUE LAW, [Lex Saliva, Lai.] an ancientand fundamental law of the kingdom of France , usually supposedto have been made by Pharamond , or at least by Clovis; in virtuewhereof males only are to inherit. Some, as Postellus, would,have it to have been called Salic, q. d. Gallic , because peculiarto the Gauls. Montunus insists, it was because Pharamond was first called Salicus. Others will have it so named, as havingbeen made for the Salic lands. These were noble fiefs which theirfirst kings used to bestow on the salians, that is, the great lord oftheir sallie or court, without any oilier tenure than military ser-vice ; and for this reason, such tiets were not to descend to women,as being by nature unfit tor such a tenure. Some derive the originof this word from the Salians, a tribe of Franks who settled in Gaul in the reign of Julian.

SALICORN1A, Jointed Glass-wort, or Saltwort; agenus of the monogynia order, and monundria class of plants;natural order, lloloracea:. Calyx ventricose, or a little swellingout and entire ; petals none ; seed one. There are nine species ofthis plant.

SALIGNAC, a town of France, in the department of Dor-dogne, and late province of Perigord, 2} miles N. E. of Sarlat .Lon. 1. 23. E. Lat. 45. 40. N.

S ALIGN AS, a town of Spain, in Biscay , 28 miles S; E. ofBil-boa. Lon. 2. 54. W. Lat. 43. 5. N.

SALIGOT, in botany. See Tribulus.

SALK, in Roman antiquity, priests of Mars, whereof therewere 12 instituted by Numa.

SALIN, in the old system of chemistry, an impure alkali, ex-tracted from the lixivium of wood-ashes. See Chemistry.

SALINA, or SALINA DELLA MARSA,in natural history,salt-springs in the island of Sicily , near Marza. In summer, whenthey are dry there is a great quantity of salt, which is shovelledinto heaps by persons appointed.- For every ass’s load, the lord ofthe manor receives a carlin, (worth one penny sterling;) for everyrnule’s load twice as much. When the springs and the pit producelittle salt, the steward causes the ground to be plowed up, and theyyield as much salt as ever.

SALINI, orSAI.INO, one of the Lipari islands, situated be-tween bicdy and Italy , consists of two mountains both in a highstate of cultivation. It lies 21 miles S. W. of Stromboli, and SOE. N. E. of Palermo .

SALINS, a town of France , in the department of Jura, andlate province of Tranche Comte, 20 miles S. of Besan$on.

SALISBURIA , inbotany, a genus of the moncecia polyandriaclass and ordfer. Male, amentaceous; anthers incumbent, deltoid:female, solitary ; calyx four-cleft; drupe witli a triangular shell.! here is only one species, viz. S. adiantifolia.

SALISBURY, the capital of Wiltshire in England, 21 milesE. of Southampton, 82 W. S. W. of London , and 91 E. N. E.°f Exeter . Lon. 1. 42. E. Lat. 51. 4. N.

„ Salisbury, a post-town of Maryland , on the eastern shore, inSomerset county, 15 miles S. of Vienna. Lon. 75. 40. W. Lat.38.22. N.

Salisbury Island, an island of North America , at the WestHudson’s Straits, E. of Nottingham island. Lon. 76. 47.

Lat. 63.29. N.

Salisbury Plain, extensive downs in Wiltshire , which formo-summer one of the most delightful parts of Great Britain for ex-j,;'i ai ’d beauty. It extends 28 miles W. of Weymouth , and 25-■to W itichester ; and in some places is near 40 miles broad..Salisbury Sound, a bay of the North Pacific Ocean, outlie• cuast of America . Lon. 136. 0. W. Lat. 57. 30. N.tini ■ii Butt fluid by which the mouth and tongue are con-

vv ,, M ‘ 1 y moistened in their natural state; and is supplied by glandsDel| C • i™ ca fl°d salivary glands. This humour is thin andtastp UC i ' llca P a 61e of being concreted by the tire, almost without"'hie| aiK smed " By chewing, it is expressed from the glandsfood l , s , e ' nu ii' te from the blood, and is intimately mixed with ourPer'nn 'y . & es ‘'°n of which it greatlv promotes. In hungryhave faci iV ltnd ’ and copiously discharged ; and in those who‘oo copious ov-f 11 c hi S 1] , 1 y acrid > penetrating, and resolvent. Adigestion, and^^nation of it produces thirst, loss ot appetite, bad

VOL. IY.-No!'^ 10 ’ -

SALIVARY GLANDS. See Anatomy.

SALIVATION , in medicine, is a promoting of the flux ofsaliva, by medicines, chiefly by mercury. The chief use of sali-vation is in diseases belonging to the glands and inembrana adipo-sa, and principally in the cure of the venereal disease ; though itis sometimes also used in epidemic diseases, &c. whose crises tendthat way.

SAL1X, The Willow ; in botany, a genus of the diandriaorder and dioecia class of plants ; natural order, Amentace*. Amen-tum of the male scaly ; no corolla ; glandule at the base of theflower nectariferous. Female amentum scaly ; no corolla ; stylebifid ; capsule one-celled, two-valved ; seeds pappous. Thewillow-trees have been frequently the theme of poetical descrip-tion, both in ancient and modern times. In Virgil, Horace, andin Ovid, vve have many exquisite allusions to them ; and for amelancholy lover or a contemplative poet, imagination cannotpaint a fitter retreat than the banks of a beautiful river, and theshade of a drooping willow. There are 53 species.

SALLEE, all ancient and considerable town of Africa , in thekingdom of Fez, with a harbour and several ports. Lon. 6. 3!'. W.Lat 34. 0. N.

SALLET, or SALLAD , a dish of eatable herbs, ordinarily ac-companying roast meat, composed chiefly of crude, fresh herbage,seasoned with salt, oil," and vinegar. Menage derives the word-from the Latin salata; of sal, salt; others from sake do; DuCange from sa/gama, which is used in Ausonius and Columella inthe same sense. Some add mustard, hard eggs, and sugar ; others,pepper, and other spices, with orange-peel, saffron, &c. Theprincipal sallet-herbs, and those which ordinarily make the basis ofour sallets, are lettuce, celery, endive, cresses, radish, and rape ;along with which are used purslane, spinach, sorrel, taragon,- bur-net, corn-sallet, and chervil. The gardeners call some plants smallherbs in sallets; these should always be cut while in the seed-leaf;as cresses, mustard, radish, turnep, spinach, and lettuce ; all whichare raised from seeds sown in drills, or lines, from the middle ofFebruary to the end of March, under glasses or frames; andthence to the middle of May, upon natural beds, warmly exposed ;and during the summer-heats in more shady places ; and afterwardsin September, as in March, &c.. and lastly, in the rigour of thewinter, in hot-beds. If they be frozen in very frosty weather, put-ting them in spring-water two hours before they be used recoversthem.

SALLY-PORTS, in fortification, orPosTERN Gates, as they aresometimes called, are those under-ground-passages which leadfrom the inner works to the outward ones; such as from the higherHank to the lower, or to the tenailles, or the communication fromthe middle of the curtain to the ravelin. When they are made formen to go through only, they are made with steps at the entrance andgoing out. They are about six feet wide and eight and a half feet high.There is also a gutter or shore made under the sally-ports, which arein the middle of the curtains, fort lie water which runs down the streetsto pass into the ditch ; but this can only be done when they are wetditches. When sally-ports serve to carry guns through them forthe out-works, instead of marking them with steps, they must havea gradual slope, and be eight feet wide.

SALM, a town of France in the department of the Meurthe , 24miles W. S. W. of Strasburg.

SALMASIA, a genus of the pentandria trigynia class and or-der. Calyx five-parted; corolla tive-petaled ; style none; cap-sule three-celled, threc-valved, many-seeded. r I here is onespecies, a shrub of Guinea.

SALMO, the Salmon, in ichthyology,, a genus of the orderof abdominales. Plead smooth, furnished with teeth and a tongue ;rays of the gills from four to ten; back-tin lat behind; belly-finswith many rays. There are 55 species.

S. Sai.ar, "the Common Salmon, is a northern fish, being un-known in the Mediterranean sea and other warm climates; it isfound in France in some of the rivers that fall into the ocean, andnorth as far as Greenland ; they are also very common in New-foundland, and the N. parts of North America . They are inseveral countries a groat article of commerce, being eured'diflerentways, by salting, pickling, and drying : there are stationaryfisheries in Iceland, Norway , and the Baltic ; but nowhere greaterthan those at Coleraine in Ireland: and in Great Britain at Ber-wick, Perth, and in various rivers of Scotland . In the History of6 Q Cumberland