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<not in justice decline such affectionate office, excepting from themost urgent and absolute motives; such as a general diseased ha-bit; want of milk; or a local disease in the breasts. These im-pediments, however, seldom occur; though many delicate wo-men are apt to assign a variety of other causes, which induce themto neglect a duty, incumbent even on irrational creatures, if itbe true, that milk is secreted in proportion to the quantity drawn,*t follows, that by such practice the breast can be never so emptiedas not to receive a fresh supply. Hence, the infant should besuckled, and put to the breast, as soon as it evinces a desire,■which will be in less than twelve hours after delivery, frequentlywithin an hour; provided no food be previously allowed. Al-though the quantity of milk thus obtained be very small, yet it isadapted to the purpose ; and will not only afford sufficient nutri-ment to the child, but at the same time be calculated to produceAnother useful effect, namely, that of cleansing the bowels, andcarrying off the meconium, or the first excrement. For theseobvious reasons, we fully agree with the llev. C. Cruttwell, whoJudiciously observes, that “ at any time when the nipples andbreasts are not uneasy, or inflamed, the child may suck without•ear; but, if omitted till the breasts become uneasy or inflamed,every effort of the child’s sucking will add to the mother’sferment, deprive her of rest, and most probably increase the dis-ease.”

SUCTION is the act of drawing up a fluid, as air, water,milk, or the like, by means of the mouth and lungs; or, in asimilar manner, by artificial, means. See Hydrostatics, and*• neumatics. *

SUCJZAVA, SUCZOW, or SUCHZOW, a town of Euro-pean Turkey-, in Moldavia , 84 miles N, VY. of Jassi, and 130 N.E.°f Colosvar.

SUDBURY, a borough of England, in Suffolk , 14 miles S. E., St. Edmundsbury, and 56 N. E. of London . Lon. 15. 56. E.Cat. 58. 19 . N.

SUDERCOPING, or SUDERKIOPING, a town of Swe-den, in East Gothland , 10 miles S. of Nordkioping, and 90 S. W.m Stockholm . Lon. 15.56. E. Lat. 58. 19. N.

SUDERMAN1A, or SUDERMANLAND, a province of?weden, bounded on the N. by Upland and Westermania; E.?y the peninsula of Tarin ; S. by the Baltic, and W. by Nericia.‘f is 62 miles long, and 42 broad; and is the most populous•Province in Sweden , It abounds in corn, pastures, woods, minesof various metals, iron-manufactures, and wooden wares,

SUDEROE, an island of the Northern Ocean, one of theevro isles.

s UESSf, SUESSIONES, or SUESSONES, a branch ofc,* e Remi, a people of Gallia Relgica, (Pliny ) ; called sometimesUessones, in the lower age Suessi; situated between the Remi^ the east, the Nervii to the north, the Veromandui to theR**. and the Meklai to the south, in the tract now called

'jsonnois.

f 0 ”t-'LT, SEVUM, or SEBUM, in anatomy, the solid fat• ‘ n several animals, as sheep, oxen, &c. but not in humanP^'es. See Fat.

ETONlUS TRANQUILLUS, Caius, a famous LatinPt* t . 0flan > was born at Rome, and became secretary to the ™.tlire * , ^ r ' an * about A

,_D. 118 ; but that post was taken from him

ii l(; e years after, for not shewing the empress Sabina all the respectWfii |‘ servt 'd- During his disgrace he composed many works,sa fs are lost. Those extant are his “ History of the Xll Ct-a4i t |’j, an( l a part of his “ Treatise of the Illustrious GrammariansPfirs.. i or '. c ' ans ' L’liny the Younger was his intimate friend, andiia s a 'ded him to publish his books. His History of the XII C Tsarsseats een ,mi ?h commended by many of the literati. He repre-flppjj’ 1,1 a series of curious particulars, without digressions or re-tliejr®! 18 ' Uie actions of the emperors, exposing their vices in allfid • )’ et ment| ons their good qualities; but the hor-

gn| a '^''deiiess and obscene actions he relates of Tiberius , Cali-tiie e n , ei '°> &c, have made some say, that he wrote the lives ofTi )e “Pfi'ors with the same licentiousness with which they lived,tvitfi ^'dmn of this history by Grsevlus at Utrecht , in 1672,1'o.q lK - excellent Commentaries of Torrentius and Casau-* StGe me 1 tiw uott - some other learned critics, is muchSp pv ’

Vo/’', ’ 11,0 Catti or Ciiattj of Ctcsar, an ancient nation of" We—NO.20J.

Germany, who lived on the Rhine ; considerably distant from theproper Suevi or Alemanni .

SUEZ, a sea-port-town of Egypt , at the N. end of the W,Gulf of the Red Sea , and about thirty horn’s journey east fromCairo .

SUFFETULA, an ancient town of Africa , in the dominions ofCartilage .

SUFFOCATION, in medicine, the privation of respiration.See Drowning, Hanging, &c.

SUFFOLK, a county of England, contracted from Southfolk,so called from its situation in regard to Norfolk . It is boundedon the W. by Cambridgeshire ; on the S. by Essex , from whickit is parted by the river Stour ; on the E. by’the German Ocean ;and on the N. by Norfolk , separated from it by the Lesser Oustand the Waveney. From W. to E, it is 52 miles long, about 2C»at a medium broad, and 196 in circumference. The air is veryhealthful, and the sea-coast is dry and sandy, and free from salt-marshes. The soil, except to the W. and upon the sea-coast, isvery riel), being a compound of clay and marie. The county iswell watered by the rivers Stour, Lesser Ouse, Waveney, Blithe,Deben, and Orwell or Gipping.

Suffolk, a county of Massachusetts ;' bounded on the N,and N. Ii. by Boston harbour; S. by Norfolk county , andW. by Middlesex. Boston is the capital , as well as of theState.

Suffolk, a county of New York, in Long Island , 100 utileslong, and 10 broad.

Suffolk, a town of Virginia , in Nansemond county, 85 milesE. S. E. of Petersburg, 110 S. E. of Richmond , and 386 fromPhiladelphia .

SUFFRAGAN , the appellation given to a bishop, who is oc-casionally appointed to reside in a town or village, and assist thediocesan.

SUGAR , a solid sweet substance obtained from the juice ofthe sugar-cane; or, according to chemists, an essential salt, capa-ble of crystallization, of a sweet and agreeable flavour, and con-tained in a greater or less quantity in almost every species ofvegetables, but most abundant in the sugar-cane. See Saccha-Rum. From the few remains of the Grecian and Roman authorswhich have survived the ravages of time, we can find no proofsthat the juice of the sugar-cane was known at a very early period.There can be no doubt, however, that in those countries where itwas indigenous its value was not long concealed. It is not impro-bable that it was known to the ancient Jews ; for there is somereason to suppose, that the Hebrew word njp, which occurs fre-quently in the Old Testament , and is by our translators renderedsometimes calamus and sometimes sweet cane, does in fact meanthe sugar-cane. The sugar-cane was first made known to thewestern parts of the world by the conquests of Alexander theGreat. Strabo relates that Nearchus his admiral found it in theEast Indies B. C. 325. Jt is evidently alluded to in a fragment ofTheophrastus, preserved in Photius . Varro, who lived A. D. 68,describes it in a fragment quoted by Isidores, as a fluidpressed from reeds of a large size, which was sweeter thanhoney. Dioscorides , about B, C. 33, says “ that there is a kindof honey called saccharon, which is found in India and ArabiaFelix.

Sugar-Caxe, or Saccharum Officinahum of botanists, isa jointed reed, commonly measuring (the flag-part not included)from three feet and a half to seven in height, but sometimes risingto twelve feet. When ripe it is of a flue straw-colour inclining toyellow, producing leaves or blades, the edges of which are finelyand sharply serrated, and terminating in an arrow decorated witha panicle. The joints in one stalk are from forty to sixty in num -ber, and tile stalks rising from one root are sometimes very nume-rous, The young shoot ascends from the earth like the point ofan arrow ; the shaft of which soon breaks, and the two first leaves,which had been inclosed within a quadruple sheath of seminalleaves, rise io a considerable height. See Plate CXXIX. Misthe arrow, and N the lower part of the root, « A field of canes,when standing, in November, when it is in arrow or full blossom(says Mr, Beckford in his account of Jamaica, ) ia one of the mostbeautiful productions that tire pen or pencil can possibly describe.It in common rises from three to eight feet or more in height; 4difference of growth that very strongly marks the difference of soil,SC <*T