THEOLOGY.

by the Spirit which he hath given us.” [t is likewise the office ofthe Holy Ghost to give us an earnest of our everlasting inheri-tance, to create in us a sense of the paternal love of God , andthereby to assure us of the adoption of sons. “ As many as areJed by the Spirit of God, they are the sons of God ; and becausewe are sons, God hath sent forth the Spirit of his Son into ourliearts. For we have not received the spirit of bondage again tofear; but we have received the Spirit of adoption, whereby wecry Abba Father; the Spirit itself bearing witness with our spirits,that we are the children of God .” As the gifts of grace are gene-rally annexed to means, to the proper use of the word, and sacra-ments, it is a sixth office of the same Spirit to sanctify such per-sons as are regularly set apart for the work of the ministry, andordained to offer up the public prayers of the people; to blessthem iit the name of God ; to teach the doctrines of the gospel;to administer the sacraments instituted by Christ; and to performall things necessary “ for the perfecting of the saints, for the workof the ministry, for the edifying of the body of Christ.” Thissame Spirit which illuminated the apostles, and endowed themwith power from above to perform personally their apostolic func-

7m

tions, fitted them also for sending others, as they were sent by theirDivine Master; and for establishing such a constitution of thechurch as was best adapted for preserving Christian , m the unityof the Spirit and bond of peace. They committed a standingpower to a successive ministry to be conveyed .down to the end ofthe world ; and those who are vested with that power are obligedto “ take heed unto themselves, and to all the flock over winchthe Holy Ghost hath made them overseers, to feed the church ofGod , and to contend earnestly for the faith which was once deli-vered unto the saints.” By these, and the like means, doth theSpirit of God sanctify the sons of men ; and in consequence of thissanctification proceeding immediately from his office, lie is calledthe Holy Spirit and the Comforter. That this is such a provision“ for renewing us in the spirit of our minds, and enabling us toput on the new man, which, after God , is created in righteousnessand true holiness,” as, when made known by revelation appears to.have been expedient, may be conceived to have been even neces-sary, and though reason could hardly have hoped for it, is contra-dicted by none of our natural notions either of God or of man.

A W IJIV-T » LX 1 1 AkJ 1 o, |_11 Oil! W®?* UOll, IQ

ve, and ayQwro;, a man], a sect of Deists , who, in September,96, published at Paris a sort of catechism or directory for social

TIIEON, an eminent philosopher and mathematician of Alex-andria, who flourished in the reign of Theodosius the Great , andtaught mathematics in a school at Alexandria, which was after-wards kept up by bis unparalleled daughter, the learned lady Hy-Patia, who, in spite of her beauty, learning, and other accomplish-ments, died a martyr to Christianity , in a barbarous pagan mob.Theon wrote several works, particularly, A Commentary on Eu-clid, which was printed in Greek, at Basil , in 1588, fol. and ACommentary on Aratus , Oxford, 1672, in 4to.

THEOPASCHAT1TES, a sect of Christian heretics, whoflourished in the fifth century, and taught that all theThree Personsm the Godhead suffered on the cross. They were the followers cfPeter Fullo, bishop of Antioch .

THEOPHANIA, festivals anciently held at Delphi in honourof Apollo.

T H EOPH1 LANTIIROPISTS, [from ©for, God , to

love,

1796, pul:

Worship.

THEOPHILUS, and fiXtw, i. e. a lover of God, ] aneminent primitive Christian , who seems to have been very well•'amed, as well as of a superior rank, from the polite manner inwhich St. Luke addresses him, and whom St. Luke has honouredto eternity, by dedicating his Gospel, and his history of the Actsthe Apostles, to him. It is surprising that no other memoirmniains of him.

Ihkophilus, a writer and bishop of the primitive church, waseducated a Heathen, and afterwards converted to Christianity.~l. e was ordained bishop of Antioch A. I). 170; and lie governedmis church twelve or thirteen years. He was a vigorous opposercertain heretics of his time, and composed a great number olj 0 rks; all of which are lost, except three books to Autolycus , aearned Heathen of his acquaintance, who had undertaken to vin-Kiate his own religion against that of the Christians . It isenrarkable, that this patriarch of Antioch was the first whoimplied the term Trinity to express the Three Persons in theG mlhead.

Til EOPH RASTA, in botany, a genus of plants of the classPentaiulria, and order monogynia. Corolla bell-shaped, with ob-° n g erect spreading segments; fruit one-celled, very large,ctindisli, many seeded. There are two species, viz. T. Ameri-and T. Imigifolia. both natives of America .0 j. 1HEOPHRASTUS, a celebrated Greek philosopher, the son1 Melanthus, was born at Eresus in Lesbos . He was first the dis-ji'P'e of Leucippus in his own country ; next of the celebratedth o at Athens; and last of Aristotle . He succeeded Arislolle inr ^ Peripatetic scliool, and conducted the charge with such highCel .'| tatl011 J' e ' ,at ' about two thousand scholars, He is highlyRe * _ ted for his industry, learning, and eloquence, and for hisCo . Uros ' , J' and public spirit. lie is said to have twice freed his'''Jrj lrom the oppression of tyrants. He contributed 1 berallyV ° L - iv.— no. 207.

towards defraying the expcnce attending the public meetings ofphilosophers; which were held, not for the sake of shew, but forlearned and ingenious conversation. In the public schools becommonly appeared as Aristotle had done, in an elegant dress,and was very attentive to the graces of elocution. He lived tothe advanced age of 105 ; some say of 107. His funeral was at-tended by a large body of Athenians . He wrote many valuableworks, of which all that remain are, several treatises on the NaturalHistory of Plants and Fossils; of Winds, of Fire, &c. an excellentmoral treatise, intituled Characters; which he says in his prefacehe composed when lie was 99 years of age. It has been repeatedlytranslated into French, English, &c. To Theophrastus we areindebted for preserving the works of Aristotle. See Aris-totle .

TIIEOPHYLACT, or THEOPHYLACTUS, a learnedGreek father, born at Constantinople about A. D. 1070, or earlier,lie became archbishop of Aciiridia, and metropolitan of all Bulgaria .He wrote Commentaries on the Gospels, the Acts, several of theEpistles , and of the minor Prophets; also Institutio Regia; Let-ters, and some historical tracts. His whole works were printed atParis in fol 1647 : also at Venice, in 4 vt.is. 1754— 1763.

THEOREM, [Sfifpif*.-*,] a proposition which terminates intheory, and which considers the properties of things already madeor done ; or it is a speculative proposition deduced from compar-ing together several definitions. A theorem is something to beproved, and a problem something to lie done.

THEORY, [S’fivpire,] in general, denotes any doctrine whichterminates in speculation, without considering the practical uses orapplication thereof.

THEOSOPH 1ST S, [from ©me, God , and cafia, wisdom,] afantastical sect of philosophers, who rose about the end of the six-teenth century, and made a figure in almost every country in Eu.rope. They pretended to derive all their knowledge from divineillumination. They boasted that, by means of this celestial light,they were not only admitted to the intimate knowledge of God ,and of all divine truth, but had access to the most sublime secretsof nature. They ascribed it to the singular manifestation of divinebenevolence ; that they were enabled to make such an use of theelement of fire, in the chemical art, as enabled them to discoverthe essential principles of bodies, and io disclose stupendous mys-teries in the physical world. Hence they were also called fire-philosophers. They even pretended to an acquaintance withthose celestial beings, who form the- medium of intercourse be-tween God and man, and to a power of obtaining from them, bythe aid of magic, astrology, and other similar arts, various kinds ofinformation and assistance. Cue of their chief leaders and orna-ments, was the celebrated Paracelsus , from whom they were alsocalled Paracebists.

TI1ERAPEUT7E, a term applied to those that are wholly inthe servi< e of religion.

TH ERAPEU1 ICS, [Sigctri-jlix:;,] that part of medicine which8 Z acquaints