840

WAR

WAR

creatures, liatl no object in view but to gratify the passion ofprinces, he was a monster whom it would have been a duty tosmother at his birth. For further information on this subject, werefer the reader to the articles Aid-de-Camp, Aid-Major, Ar-tillery , Bomb, Camp, Cannon, Cakronade, Ensign, Ge-neral, Gunnery, Gon-Powder, Lieutenant, Major, Ma-nual Exercise, Military Estate, Musket , Maval Tac-tics, Ordnance, Pistol , Platoon-Exercise, Projectiles,&c. and their respective plates. For the times when the princi-pal wars happened, and the most famous generals lived, see thechronological table under the article Chronology . In PlateCLXX1X. is given a view of several implements used in the artof war, from which an idea of them may be formed, especially ifthe terms bv which they are named in the Plate be consulted intheir order in this work.

WARADIN, a large and strong town of Upper Hungary, ca-pital of a county so named, 27 miles N. of Jula, and 120 of Bel-grade . Lon 21. 5. E. Lat. 47. 5. N.

Waradin, a strong town of Sclavonia , also capital of a countyso named, 30 miles S. W. of Kanisca. Lon. )6. 15. E. Lat. 46.46. N.

WARANGOLE, an ancient town of Hindcostan, in the Dec-can, 62 miles N. E. bv N. of Hyderabad . Lon. 79. 30. E. Lat.18. 6. N.

WARBERG, a town of Sweden, in Holland , with a fort andharbour, 30 miles S. of Gottenburg. Lon. 11. 46. E. Lat. 57.12. N.

WARBURTON, William, a learned prelate, was born atNewark upon Trent, in 1698, and bred an attorney, which pro-fession he relinquished, and after going through a course of studyhe took orders without having had an university-education. Heafterwards received the degree of D. D. by mandamus from Cam-bridge. By marrying a niece of Mr. Allen of Prior Park he gaineda considerable fortune, and in 1755 was preferred to a prebend inthe cathedral of Durham. He was also preacher of Lincoln’sInn, and in 1757 advanced to the deanery of Bristol. In 1760 hewas consecrated bishop of Gloucester, and in 1768 he instituted alecture at Lincoln’s Inn, in the form of a sermon, to prove thetruth of revelation from the Prophecies. The bishop died in 1779,and was buried in Gloucester cathedral. IIis greatest work wasthe Divine Legation of Moses, 3 vols. 8vo. in which he defendedrevelation upon the grounds of religious deism, by admitting thatthough a future state made no part of the Jewish legislator’s sys-tem, yet that the truth of the Mosaic scheme is capable of a moraldemonstration. The performance, however, gave great offence tomany learned and pious believers, who attacked it with greatforce; and were replied to by the author with haughtiness and as-perity. Prior in point of publication, but next in ability, wasthe Alliance betwixt Church and State, 8vo. in which well rea-soned work he incontrovertibly proved the necessity of religiousestablishments. Besides these works Dr. Warburton printed aDiscourse intituled Julian, or a Discourse concerning the Earth-quake and Fiery Eruptions which defeated that emperor’s attemptto rebuild the Temple at Jerusalem ; two volumes of Sermons; aView of Lord Bolingbroke’s Philosophy; a Tract on the Lfird’s•Supper; a Treatise against the Methodists on the Doctrine ofGrace; and several miscellaneous pieces. The whole of hisworks have been handsomely published by his friend bishop Hurd,in 6 vols. 4to. Pope left him the copyright of his works, whichWarburton printed with notes. He also published an edition ofShakspeare, which was severely handled by Edwards, in his Ca-nons of Criticism.

WAR-CRY was formerly customary in the armies of most na-tions, when just upon the point of engaging. Sometimes theywere only tumultuous shouts, or horrid yells, uttered with an in-tent to strike terror in their adversaries: such as is now used bythe Indians in America , called the war-whoop.

WARD, Dr. Seth, an English prelate, chiefly famous for hisknowledge in mathematics and astronomy, was born at Bunting-lord in Hertfordshire , in 1G17. He was educated at Sidney col-lege, Cambridge, where he applied with great vigour to his stu-dies, particularly to the mathematics, and was chosen a fellow.He was involved in the consequences of the civil war, but soonafter the Restoration was made bishop of Exeter, and in 1667, ofSalisbury. In 1671 he was made chancellor of the order of the

garter ; and was the first Protestant bishop who had that honour,lie procured it to be annexed to the see of Salisbury. He sur-vived his senses, in consequence of a fever. He lived to the Re-volution, and died in 1690. He was the author of several Latin works in mathematics and astronomy, but their use has been su-perseded by later discoveries and the New tonian philosophy.

WARD, in law-books, a word of divers significations: thus, award in London , is a part of the city, committed to the specialcharge of one of the aldermen of the city There are twenty-sixwards in London , which are as hundreds, and the parishes thereofas towns. A forest is also divided into wards, and so are most ofour hospitals.

Ward, Warda, or Wardagium, is also used, in our ancientwritings, for the custody of a town or castle, which the tenantsand inhabitants were bound to keep at their own charge.

WARDBIUDGE, or WAREBRIDGE, a town of Cornwall ,20 miles W. of Launceston, and 242 S. W. of London . Lon. 5. 4,W. Lat. 50. 35. N.

WARDEN, or GUARDIAN , one who has the charge orkeeping of any person, or thing, by office. See Guardian . Suchis the warden of the fleet, the keeper of the fleet prison; who hasthe charge of the prisoners there, especially such as are committedfrom the court of chancery for contempt. Warden, in an univer-sity, is the head of a college ; answering to what in other collegeswe call the master thereof. Warden, or lord warden of the cinqueports, is the governor of these noted havens; who has the autho-rity of an admiral, and sends out writs in his own name.

WARDMOTE, in London , is a court so called which is keptin every ward of the city, answering to the cui'iata comitia in an-cient Rome . See Court:

WARDROBE, a closet, or little room adjoining to a bed*chamber, serving to dispose and keep a person’s apparel in; or,for a servant to lodge in, to be at hand to wait, &c. Wardrobe,in a prince’s court, is an apartment wherein his robes, wearing ap-parel, and other necessaries, are preserved under the care anil di-rection of proper officers ; as the master of the wardrobe, clerk,&c. of the wardrobe.

WARDSHIP, in chivalry, one of the incidents of (enure byknight-scrvice. See Feodal System, Knight-Service, andTenure. Upon the death of a tenant if the heir was under ibeage of 21, being a male, or 14, being a female, the lord was en*tilled to the wardship of the heir, and was called the guardian inchivalrv.

WAltE, in geography, a town of Hertfordshire , 21 miles N. ofLondon . Lon. 0. 3. E. Lat. 51. 50. N.

WAREUAM, an ancient borough of Dorsetshire , 10 mile9S. W. of Pool, and 114 S. W. of London . Lon. 2. 16. W. Lat.'50. 43. N. '

WARING, Edward, M. D. Lucasian Professor of Mathema-tics in the university of Cambridge , was the son of a wealthyfarmer, of Old Heath, near Shrewsbury The early part of hiseducation he received at a iree-school in Shrewsbury ; whencehe removed to Cambridge, and was admitted on the 24th March1753, a member of Magdalen college. Here his talents for ab-struse calculation soon appeared, and at the time of taking hisdegree, he was considered as a prodigy in those sciences whichmake the subject of the bachelor’s examination. The name ofSenior Wrangler, was thought scarcely.;! sufficient honour to dis-tinguish one who far outshone his contemporaries ; and the meritsof John Jebb were sufficiently acknowledged, by being the secondin the list. Waring look his degree ot B. A. in 1757, and theLucasian Professorship became vacant before he was of sufficientstanding for the degree of A. M. which is a necessary qualificationfor that office, 'l'his defect was supplied by a royal mandatethrough which he became M. A. in 1760; and soon utter, Luca-sian Professor. In 1762, he published his Miscellanea Analyticalone of the most abstiuse books written on the abstrusest parts ofalgebra. 'Phis work extended his fame over all Europe . L’e "'2 selected without solicitation, member of the societies of Bononii*and Gottingen ; and received flattering marks of esteem from themost eminent mathematicians at home and abroad. Mathema-tics did not, however, engross the w hole of his intention. In 1767»he was admitted to the degree of M. D. but it was to him merelya barren title. 11 is life passed on, marked out by discoverieschiefly in abstract science ; and by the publication of them in the