WA T

W A T

on u^.V ,^ n he was e lecti‘d president of the United States ,win ii " e c l llltte( l ji>s estate, and was received at Philadelphian V l)e applause which he so well merited. His government washi* e i y lllat '"-dl-tempered prudence which distinguished allWii* tlct ' Al) insurrection among the people of Alleghany andsui S '" 1 S^ 0li counties, instigated by the French agent, Genet, wasin rw- et '-k y ^' e ener ^ y ar;< l moderation of the president; who1796 effected a commercial treaty with Great Britain . He re-gned his oflice the same year ; and in 1798 accepted theommand of the armv, which he held till his death, December1799.

Washington a city of North America , the metropolis of thetl 1,1 ^ ates - ll is seated at the junction of the Potomac and, le Eastern Branch, extending about four miles up each, includ-n S a tract of territory scarcely to be exceeded, in point of con-venience, salubrity, and beauty, by any in the world. The greateading streets are all 160 feet wide, including a pavement of 10e ?f* and a gravel-walk of 30 planted with trees on each side,"hich leaves 80 feet of paved street for carriages. The rest ofhe streets are in general 110 feet wide, with a few only 90 feet,except North , South, and East Capitol Streets, which are 160 feet.Eon. 77° 8' W. Lai. 38° 53' N.

Washington, a sea-port-town of North Carolina , formerlycalled Bath, the capital of Beaufort county. Lon. 77.0. W. Lat.35. 31. N.

Washington, a district of South Carolina , 80 miles long, and”9 broad; bounded on the N. by Carolina , E. by Pinckney dis-tr| ct, and that of Ninety Six; S. and S. W. by the Savannah ,?hd the Tugelo, which separate it from Georgia ; and N. W. byTennassee.

Washington, a post-town of Georgia , the capital of Wilkescounty. Lou. 82. 0. W. Lat. 33. 30. N.

Washington, a post-town of Kentucky , the capital of Masoncounty, 75 miles N. E. by E. of Frankfort, and 714 from Phila-delphia .

Washington, a large maritime county of the Maine , and themost eastern of the United States .

_ Washington, a fertile county of Maryland , bounded on the, "X, * ennsylvania, E. by South Mountain, which divides it

from Frederick county. The around is the most fertile in Mary-land , and also the best cultivated, being watered by manystreams. The climate is healthy ; limestones and iron-oresabound.

Washington, a county of Pennsylvania , bounded on the N.by Alleghany county ; E. by the Monongahela, which divides itfrom Fayette county. The surface is beautifully diversified withgreen hills, valleys and rivers. Washington is the capital.

Washington, a city of Pennsylvania , the capital of the abovecounty, 20 miles S. S. W. of Pittsburgh . Lon. 80. 30. W.Lat. 40 . 11 . N.

WASKEMASH1N, an island in the Gulf of St. Lawrence , onme coast of Labrador. Lon. 59. 55. W. Lat. 50. 3. N.

WASP, in zoology. See Vespa.

. WaSSERBURG, a town of Bavaria , 25 miies E. by S. of Mu-IU( h. Lon. 12. 13. E. Lat. 48. 4. N.

WASTE, orWAST, [vustum, Lat.] inlaw, has divers signi-ocations. It is chiefly used for a spoil, made either in houses, woods,lauds, & c . by the tenants for life, or for years, to the prejudice of'he heir, or of him in reversion or remainder. Upon this the writ, "aste is brought for the recovery of the thing wasted, and treble

Watch, ill the art of war, a number of men posted at^j e Passage, or a company of the guards who go on the pa-

Watch, in the navy, the space of time wherein one division ofa ship> s crew remains upon deck, to perform the necessary services,vhilst the rest are relieved from dutv, either when the vessel is un-e ^ail or at anchor.

Watch, is also used for a small portable movement, or ma-l^’ne, for die measuring of time; having its motion regulateda spiral spring. Watches, strictly taken, are all such move-.wits as shew the parts of time; as clocks are such as publishby striking on a bell, &c. But commonly the name watchaPH'opriated to such as are carried in the pocket; and clockle large movements, whether they strike the hour or not.

See Clock . The invention of spring or pocket-watches belongsto the present age. It is true, we find mention made of a watchpresented to Charles V. in the history of that prince; but this, inall probability, was no more than a kind of clock to be set on atable, some resemblance whereof we have still remaining in theancient pieces made before the year 1670. The glory of this veryuseful invention lies between Dr. Hooke and M. Huvghens; butto w hich of them it properly belongs, has been greatly disputed ;the English ascribing it to the former, and the French, Dutch , &c.to the latter. Mr. Derham, in his Artificial Clotkmaker, says,that Dr. Hooke was the inventor; and adds, that he contrived va-rious ways of regulation. Watches as well as clocks, are com-posed of wheels and pinions, and a regulator to direct the quick-ness or slowness of the wheels, and of a spring which communi-cates motion to the whole machine. But the regulator and springof a watch are vastly inferior to the weight and pendulum of aclock, neither of which can be employed in watches. In place ofa pendulum, therefore, we are obliged to use a balance, (PlateCLXXIX. fig. 1,) to regulate the motion of a watch; and aspring, (fig. 2,) which serves in place of a weight, to give motionto the wheels and balance. The wheels of a watch, like those ofa clock, are placed in a frame formed of two plates and four pillars.Fig. 3, represents the inside of a watch, after the plate, (fig. 4,) istaken off. A is the barrel which contains the spring, (fig. 2,) thechain is rolled about the barrel, with one end of it fixed to.thebarrel A, (fig. 5,) and the other to the fusee B. When a watch iswound up, the chain which was upon the barrel winds about thefusee, and by these means the spring is stretched ; for the interiorend of the spring is fixed by a hook to the immoveable axis, aboutwhich the barrel revolves; the exterior end of the spring is fixedto the inside of the barrel, which turns upon an axis. Ii j s there-fore easy to perceive how the spring extends itself, ami how itselasticity forces the barrel to turn round, and consequently obligesthe chain which is upon the fusee to unfold and turn the fusee;the motion of the fusee is communicated to the wheel C, (fig. 5) ;then, by means of the teeth, to the pinion c, which carries thewheel D : then to the pinion d, which carries the wheel E; thento the pinion e, which carries the wheel F ; then the pinion/, uponwhich is the balance-wheel G, whose pivot runs-in the pieces A,(fig. 4,) called the potance, and B called a follower, which arefixed on the plate, (fig. 4.) This plate, of which only a partisrepresented, is applied to that of fig. 3, in such a manner that thepivots of the wheel enter into holes made in the plate, (fig. 3.)Thus the impressed force of the spring is communicated to thewheels; and the pinion / being then connected to the wheel F,obliges it to turn, (fig. 5 ) This wheel acts upon the palettes ofthe verge I, 9, (fm. 1,) the axis of which carries the balance BH,(fig. I.)° The pivot I, in the end of the verge, enters into thehole c in the potance A, (fig. 4.) In this figure the palettes arerepresented ; but the balance is on the other side of the plate, asmay be seen in fig. 6. The pivot, (tig. 3,) of the balance entersinto a hole of the cock BC, (fig. 7,) a view of which is representedin fig. 8. Thus the balance turns between the cock and the po-tance c, (fig. 4,) is in a kind of cage. The action of the balance-wheel upon the palettes 1, 2, (fig. 1,) is the same with what wehave described with regard to the same wheel in the clock ; i. e.in a watch the balance-wheel obliges the balance to vibrale back-wards and forwards like a pendulum. At each vibration of thebalance, a palette allows a tooth of the balance-wheel to escape;so that the quickness of the motion of the wheels is entirely deter-mined by the quickness of the vibrations of the balance; and thesevibrations of the balance and motion of the wheels are producedby the action of the spring. But the quickness or slowness of thevibrations of the balance depend not solely upon the action of thegreat spring, but chiefly upon the action of the spring n, b, c, call-ed the spiral spring, (fig. 9,) situated under the balance II, andrepresented in fig. 6. The exterior end of the spiral is fixed to thepin a, (fig. 9.) This pin is applied near the plates, (fig. 6); theinterior end of the spiral is fixed by a peg to the centre of the ba-lance. Hence if the balance is turned upon itself, the plates re-maining immoveable, the spring will extend itself, and make thebalance" perform one revolution. Now, after the spiral is thus ex-tended, if the balance be lett to itself, the elasticity of the spiralwill bring baek the balance, and in this manner t,he alternate vi-brations of the balance are produced. Jn fig. 5 , ail the wheels

abovs