Part II. five Kinds of Columns.

as the first was, placing the fix’d Foot of the Compasses in twelveother Points, very near the first, namely, at the fifth part of theDistance that is between the former, under which they ought to be,reckoning towards the Center of the Eye. To find the Projectureof the Abacus, you give the Ogee and its Fillet a Projecture beyondthe perpendicular Line, equal to the Height of the Ogee, which istwo Twelfths.

The Proiecture of the Ovolo is equal to its Height, which isFour Twelftns. This Member is carv’d with an Ornament, com-monly call’d an Egg, because of its oval Shape. The Greeks call’dit Echinos , because they thought these Ovals represented Chefnutshalf inclos’d in their Shell, which is cover’d with Prickles, like thoseof a Hedghog, call’d Echinos in Gree 4; five of these Eggs are cutin each Face of the Capital, of which there are but three that ap-pear entire, the two that are near the Volutes, are partly cover dby three small Husks, which issue out of a Leaf, whose Stalk lyesupon the first Circumvolution of the Scroul.

The Volutes hitherto defcrib’d, are on the Face of the Capital inFront, and on that behind it; the Faces, on the Sides, are of ano-ther Fashion. VitruVms calls this Part on the Side, the Pillow.The Moderns give it the Name of IBallujler, because it resembles theCup of the Flower of the wild Pomegranate, call’d Ealaufiion inGreek. This Balluster is double, having a Pomegranate in the mid-dle. Its Edges, towards the Volutes, are two Twelfths, accordingto VitruYius ; that is, the Breadth of the Eye. The Profile, orContour of the Pomegranate, is, by the fame Author, calfd theGirdle or Belt; but the Out-line of it, which he makes a Semi-circle, agrees not with what we find given it in the Works of theAntique j where it has an irregular Form not to be defcrib’d withouta Figure. This Balluster is carv’d with great Leaves, as the Pome-granate is likewise coverd with small Leaves of Laurel, rang’d likeFishes Scales.

The Proportions of this Capital, which are those of VitruYtus ,but explain’d in a more easy and regular Manner, agree not in eve-ry thing with the Examples left us by the Antients and Moderns: ItsHeight, which I make of eighteen Minutes, as it is in the Coliseum ,and which come near the Proportion VitruYms gives it, is twenty-one Minutes and two Thirds in the Theatre of Marcellus , and twen-ty-one and a Half in the Temple of Manly Fortune. The Echinus,or Ovolo, which I make of the fame Height as the Rind or Bark,is larger than all the rest of the Capital, in the Temple of ManlyFortune ; and it is less than the Rind in the Theatre of Marcellus.The Voluta, whose Height I make twenty-six Minutes and a Half,is but twenty-three and a Quarter in the Temple of Manly Fortune ,

twenty-