THE FIRST DAY AT GETTYSBURG.

273

has a clear view of the slopes of both ridges and of the valley between them.West of McPherson’s ridge Willoughby Run flows south into Marsh Creek.South of the farm buildings and directly opposite the seminary, a woodborders the run for about 300 yards, and stretches back to the summit of Mc-Pherson’s ridge. Prom the town two roads run: one south-west to Hagers-town via Fairfield, the other north-westerly to Chambersburg via Cashtown.The seminary is midway between them, about 300 yards from each. Parallelto and 150 yards north of the Chambersburg pike, is the bed of an unfinishedRailroad, with deep cuttings through the two ridges. Directly north of thetown the country is comparatively flat and open: on the east of it, RockCreek flows south.

Cn the south, andoverlooking it,

ridge of bold,

is ahigh

KlflHIW

KdS.Iil

CONFEDERATE DEAD ON THE FIELD OF THE FIRST DAV.FROM A PHOTOGRAPH.

ground, terminated°n the west by Cem-etery Hill and onthe east by Culp’sPill, which, bendingt° the south, ex-tends half a mile orn ' 1( >re and terminateslow grounds nearSpangler’s Spring.

Culp’s Hill is steep ■toward the east, isyell wood ed, andlt s eastern base ishashed by Rock

Creek.

Impressed by the importance of the position, Buford, expecting the earlyReturn of the enemy in force, assigned to Devin’s brigade the country north,a Ud to Gamble’s that west of the town; sent out scouting parties on all theroads to collect information, and reported the condition of affairs to Reynolds,fris pickets extended from below the Fairfield road, along the eastern bank ofWilloughby Run, to the railroad cut, then easterly some 1500 yards north ofUe town, to a wooded hillock near Rock Creek.

rvf Mnnr) e ’s headquarters and the Artillery Reserve

ps at Marsh Run, the Eleventh at Emmits-jth at Littlestown, Second at Uniontown,Jegg’s cavalry at Manchester, Kilpatrick’s at!66] will show at what disadvantage Meade’slole army was nearing Gettysburg , whiles region to the east and south of that town,all designs on the Susquehanna had beenre reported as occupying the country from