CAVALRY OPERATIONS UNDER ROSECRANS AND SHERMAN. 415
a profound sensation, and was of great benefit toGeneral Grant in the Vicksburg campaign.
The great activity of the Union cavalry at thisperiod is further shown by the fact that GeneralStanley in the month of June led a strong force inrear of Bragg’s position at Tullalioma, cutting therailroads at Dechei'd Station, whereupon Braggfell back to Bridgeport. In July Stanley againmade a movement upon Huntsville . ProceedingIry several roads, the separate brigades of GeneralJ- B. Turchin and Colonels Eli Long and RobertGalbraith all reached Huntsville, Alabama , and,after capturing prisoners, supplies, and stock, re-turned without serious loss.
The Confederates on their part also made a cele-brated raid at this time. On the 27th of JuneMorgan crossed the Cumberland River at Burks-v ille, Kentucky , with about 2500 men. He passedUorthwardly through Columbia, Kentucky , and,teaching Green River at Tebbs’s Bend on the 4th°f July, demanded the surrender of Colonel O. II.Moore, who was stationed there with a portion ofhis regiment—the 25tli Michigan . Colonel Mooreteturned the famous reply that the 4th of July wasUot a good day to surrender, and was instantly at-tacked. After a severe fight Moore drove off hisassailants, and saved the bridge over Green Rivera t that point. Morgan crossed below the bridgeau d passed through Lebanon and Bardstown and011 to Brandenburg on the Ohio River ; there, seiz-a steamboat, he crossed into Indiana , andhashed through that State into Ohio and was cap-tired near Salineville July 2Gth. [See map andArticle, Vol. III., p. 635.] This raid has becomefamous for many reasons, but one of the most nota-ble things pertaining to it was the pursuit and cap-tire of the raider and his men. The pursuit beganat Burksville immediately upon Morgan’s fiassageif Cumberland River. The night of the passage°lr Kentucky cavalry regiments, the 1st, 8th, 9th,12th, under Generals J. M. Shackelford and E.ft- Hobson, both Kentuckians , were concentrateda t Marrow Bone, only a few miles west of Burks-Yl Ue. Pour noted Kentucky officers commanded
these
regiments, Prank Wolford, B. II. Bristow,
!'■ Jacob, and E. W. Crittenden. At Bardstownthe i
1 Pursuers were joined by three Ohio regiments,month later this same Federal cavalry and*® v eral other regiments were oi’ganized at Camp...son in Kentucky by Burnside for an expe-ftion to east Tennessee . It was placed underp°mrnand of Shackelford, who led it through Will-f. a msburg and Big Creek Gap to Kingston. The in-antry force under Burnside moved out at the samef'fie and took possession of Knoxville . Sliackel-. or ^’ s eav alry then hastened to Cumberland Gapai m captured the place, with 2500 men under the^-mfederate General Eraser. They then made theiro/n borders of Virginia , clearing the valley
j. Confederates, and returned to Knoxville , where***** was concentrating to resist the advance
shut
mgstreet. For three weeks the cavalry was
g . ’ ll P in Knoxville with the infantry. After thele go it pursued Longstreet up the valley, fightingoil lbattle at Bean’s Station. Winter coming’ ac tive movements ceased.
The cavalry under Stanley cooperated with Rose-crans’s infantry in the advance to Chattanooga ,bearing its full share of the burdens at Chicka-mauga. After the battle of Missionary Ridge, No-vember 25th, 1863, General W. L. Elliott wasassigned to the command of the cavalry.
Elliott dispatched Colonel Long’s brigade tothe relief of Knoxville , and during the months of
LIEUTENANT-UHNEHAJ, X. B. EOKKEST, C. S. A.I'liOJI A rilOTOGliAlUI.
Novemberand December, among the various dashesmade at this season was one by Colonel Watkins,with 250 men, as far as Lafayette, Georgia . AlsoColonel Long, with a small force, defeated GeneralWheeler at Calhoun, Tennessee , December 27th.During the winter the cavalry was principally atAthens, Tennessee , under General Elliott.
On the lltli of February, 1864, General SooySmith started from Memphis with a mounted forceof seven thousand men to cooperate with Shermanin eastern Mississippi . The expedition proved afailure, and returned to Memphis . [See foot-note,p. 247, and article, p. 416.]
In March and April, 1864, Forrest advancedfrom Mississippi with a large force, arid passedthrough western Tennessee to Paducah, Kentucky .Returning, he reached Fort Pillow on the morningof'April 12tli, and captured the fort. [See p.418.] Forrest was pursued by General S. D.Sturgis from Memphis , but turned upon him, andsignally defeated him at Brice’s Cross Roads onthe 10th of June, and pursued him back to Mem-phis . [See p. 420.] On the 14tli of JulyForrestwas in turn defeated near Tupelo by A. J. Smith.Forrest remained in west Tennessee and northernMississippi and northern Alabama , until he joinedHood in the Tennessee campaign.
The eavalry which Sherman assembled at Chat-tanooga for the Atlanta campaign numbered abcmt