GLACIATION OF EAST ENGLAND

339

D\ Kane ( Arctic Exploration, vol. i. p. 175), says, ‘ In thisore northern harbour, an icefoot is a perennial growth,clnging to the bold faces of the cliffs,’ &c. (vide Kinahan,Journal Geological Society Ireland, i. p. 198. 1866-7.]

Unlike stones dropped from an iceberg, these largecakes lie in a more or less horizontal position. Icebergswould have disturbed them. I have seen a layer of gneissat Philadelphia , with gravel forced between it and the solidrock.

Farther south on the Cromer coast the beds are not socontorted, and large cakes of chalk are no longer seen inthem. The whole series of sands and clays are regularlystratified, though not more evidently stratified than atCiomer. In the sand of the boulder clay there is false-belding due to retreating tides, perhaps.

I am astonished at the many statements and numerouspapers concerning the ‘ Cromer till,’ which has no resem-bhnce to till at all. All theories of interglacial periodsfomded on these beds are valueless.

The points determined then are :—

1. There is no till at Cromer.

2. The raised chalk cakes are not boulders.

3. All the beds are successive, conformable, and do notinlicate changes of climate.

4. The minor beds are local, and do not deserve names.

5. There has been one gradual depression succeeded bya gradual elevation.

6. There is no evidence of glaciation.

7. The contortions were probably made at the time ofthe elevation of the coast, the chalk cakes perhaps at thesane time being raised. The contortions are due to thelarger cakes, being only seen where these large transportedmisses occur, the latter sinking into the clay and con-torting it.]

8. The forest bed merges into glacial beds (vide Reid’sG(ology of Cromer, p. 48, and Woodward’s Geology ofNcrmch, p. 104).