107

FEASTS, FESTIVALS, &C.

port 56 that Amphictyon, king of Athens , learned to mix winewith water from Bacchus himself, on which account heerected an altar to that god, under the name of Of3ioj, be-cause from that time men began to return from entertain-ments sober and ofSol, upright. The same king enacted alaw, that wine tempered with water should be drank at en-tertainments, which being afterwards disused, was revivedby Solon. S! There was no certain proportion observed inthis mixture; some to one vessel of wine poured in two ofwater; others to two of wine mixed five of water; andothers more or less, as they pleased. 53 The Lacedemo-nians EEf TO 7TIP IWCTi TOV oboe, EiOJ CEE TO 7TtU7r~0V [Algoq apt XCEE UiTX

Tta-aapct ith j£?"'t<*», used to boil their wine over a fire, till thefifth part was evaporated, and then, after four years wereexpired, began to drink it, 59 as Democritus says; and thesame custom is alleged by Palladius. Nevertheless, mostof the Grecians, and particularly the Lacedemonians, didax^aTiri^oi’ tikw, drink wine with little or no water, which theytermed imncvSio-ai, to act like a Scythian ; for the Scythians were very much addicted to drunkenness, and used winewithout water; whence axpotTowm. is commonly termedcrxvS ij-i iruTi, or a-xvSaruTt, and axpaTooro a-'m is likewise calledo-xuSixrjwoo-i;: which expressions came into vogue in Sparta ,from the time that Cleomenes , the Spartan, by living andconversing with the Scythians , learned to drink to excessand even madness/ 0 The Thracians also drank their wineunmixed with water; and both they and the Scythians wereSUCh lovers of it, that yvmTxii; te »r*>TE 5 *iToi xiiT« Tail l/xenial t(axfXToy)xxTa%EOfjtiyot, xu?oy xai iufrxyfioy tortTybtVfix iomriciEviiy ysyofixacn,

“ the women and all the men thought it a most happy life to“ fill themselves with unmixed wine, and to pour it upon their“ garments ,” 61 Hence, also, by ©paxixi> n-pdawis, ‘ the Thra-cians way of drinking,’ was meant axpaTosrocda drinking winenot mixed with water. 61

Some used to perfume their wines, which was termedolios fttipp'iEiTris, according to JElian ; 63 and sometimes pu^p'ims,for that word, according to Hesychiuss explication, signi-fies TroVn, ? ewe^'to pttlpoi, a potion mixed with odours. Dif-ferent from this was the murrhina of the Romans, as alsothe £orpiu^iypx.EEos olio;, wine mingled with myrrh, mentionedin St. Mark's gospel, wherewith the malefactors were com-

56 Plin. lib. vii. cap. 56. -57 Atheneus, lib.ii. cap. 2.

5 8 Idem, lib. x. cap. 8. 59 Idem, lib. x. cap. 7.

60 Chamaleon Ileracleota , lib. de Temulentia apud Athenaum, Jib. x. cap. 9.Atheiueus, lib. x. sub finem, cap. 9. Pollux , lib. vi. cap. 3.

Var. Hist lib. xii. cap. 31.