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“ Whatever is bad is not the work of God :
“ All the natural passions and appetites of men are thework of God :
“ Therefore the natural passions and appetites of menare not bad.”
Again, in the third figure, the middle term is the subject ofboth premises: as,
“ All Africans are black :
“ All Africans are men:
“ Therefore some men are black.”
Lastly, by making it the predicate of the major and thesubject of the minor, we obtain syllogisms in the fourthfigure: as,
“ The only Being who ought to be worshipped is theCreator and Governor of the world :
" The Creator and Governor of the world is God :
“ Therefore God is the only Being who ought to beworshipped.”
But, besides this fourfold distinction of syllogisms, thereis also a farther subdivision of them in every figure, arisingfrom quantity and quality, as they are called, of the pro-positions. By quantity, we mean the consideration ofpropositions, as universal or particular ; by quality, as affir-mative or negative.
Now as, in all the several dispositions of the middle term,the propositions of which a syllogism consists, may be eitheruniversal or particular, affirmative or negative; the duedetermination of these, and so putting them together as thelaws of argument require, constitute what is called by logi-cians, the nioods of syllogism. Of these moods, there is adeterminate number to every figure, including all possibleways in which propositions differing in quantity or qualitycan be contained, according to any disposition of the middleterm, in order to arrive at just conclusions.
The first figure has only four legitimate moods. Themajor proposition in this figure may be universal, and theminor affirmative; and it has this property, that it yieldsconclusions of all kinds, affirmative and negative, universaland particular.
The second figure has also four legitimate moods. Themajor proposition must be universal, and one of the pre-mises must be negative, but all particular. These are allthe figures which were admitted by the inventor of syllogisms;and of which, so far as we know, the number of legitimatemoods has been ascertained and demonstrated. For everyfigure, it will be found upon trial, there are sixty-four dif-