APOTHECARIES,

145

“ A wise physician skilled our wounds to heal,

“ Is more than armies to the public weal.”

Iliad xi. Pope ’s Translation, v. 637.

The first mention we find made of apothecaries in ourEnglish records, occurs in Foedera, whence it appears thatin the year 1345, Edward III. gave a pension of sixpenceper day to Coursus de Gangeland, an apothecary in Lon-don , for taking care of, and attending his majesty during hisillness in Scotland .

Of apothecaries in France , no mention occurs, as we areinformed, anterior to the year 1484, that being the periodwhen they received their first charter from Charles VIII. 6Others they received in 1514, from Louis XL; in 1516and 1520, under Francis I; in 1571, from Charles IX. ;in 1583, from Henry III.; in 1594, from Henry IV . Allwhich regulations were confirmed, and these charters con-solidated by Louis XIII , in 1611, 1624, and 1638. 7

We are indebted to Beckmann’s recent learned work,intituled Beckmanns Beytr'uge zur Geschichle der Erjindun-gen, 5. v. 12mo. for the following information, as to conti-nental apothecaries, respecting the subject of the presentarticle ; we have to hope that our immature acquaintancewith the original language may not have prevented ourrendering his sense : and, accordingly, place ourselves uponthe liberality of the public.

Saltier, in Geschichte Wiirtenbergs vnter den Herzogen ;Weisser, in Nachrichten von den gesetzen des HerzogthumsWurtenberg; and Von Stetten have severally ascertainedthe following particulars relative to German apothecaries.As early as the thirteenth or fourteenth century, Von Stettenconjectures, from the records of the city of Augsburg, thatapothecaries’ shops w'ere established in that city; an apothe-cary’s shop being kept by a female, who was paid a salary bythe city. Mr. Sattler informs us, that in the beginning of thefifteenth century an apothecary’s shop was opened at Siutgard,by a person named Glatz, at that time the only one in thecountry; it was first sanctioned by the Count de Wirleinberg,in 1458. In the patent granted on that occasion, it was said,that Glatz’s ancestors had for many years kept an apothecary’sshop at Stutgard, and had furnished it as an apothecaryought. In 1457, Count L T lric gave to Mr. John Kettner,whom the year before he had appointed his domestic chap-

6 Histoire de Paris, par Saueal, v. ii. p. 474. Histoire de Paris, par Felitien,v. ii. p. 9!7. Traite de la Police, par De la Mure, v. i. p. 618.

7 Dictionnaire des Arts et Metiers, p.'tr Juvbn t, v. i, p. 105.

VOL. II.

L