226

COACHES.

queen, Anne, daughter of the King of Bohemia, showedthe English ladies how gracefully she could ride on a side-saddle; and, therefore, whirlicotes and chariots were disusedin England, except on coronations and other public solem-nities.

In the year 1471, after the battle of Tewkesbury , whichdecided the fate of Henry VI. and that of the house of Lan-caster, when others flew in different directions, the Queen wasfound in her coach almost dead with sorrow.— Hall's Chron.

In 1474, the Emperor Frederick III. came to Frankfortin a close carriage; and as he remained in it on account ofthe wetness of the weather, the inhabitants had no occasionto support the canopy which was to have been held overhim, but while he went to the council-house and returned.In the following year, the same Emperor visited that city ina very magnificent carriage. In 1487, on occasion of thecelebration of the feast of St. George at Windsor, in thethird year of Henry VII . the Queen and King went in a richchaise; they were attended by twenty-one ladies, who rodeupon palfreys richly caparisoned. (Ashmole’s Order of theGarter .) In the description of the splendid tournamentheld by Joachim, Elector of Brandenburg, at Ruppin, in1509, Beckmann says, he reads of a carriage all gilt whichbelonged to the Electress; of twelve other coaches, orna-mented with crimson; and of another of the Duchess ofMecklenburg, which was hung with red satin.

In the Northumberland household-book, about this period,is an order of the Duke for the chapel stuff to be sent beforein my lord’s chariot.

At the coronation of 'the Emperor Maximilian , in theyear 1562, the Elector of Cologne had twelve carriages. In1594, when the Margrave John Sigismund did homage atWarsaw for Prussia, he had in his train thirty-six coacheswith six horses each. 1 * Count Kevenhiller, speaking of themarriage of the Emperor Ferdinand II . with a Princess ofBavaria , says, “ The bride rode with her sisters in a splen-“ did carriage studded with gold; her maids of honour in“ carriages hung with black satin, and the rest of the ladies“ in neat leather carriages.” The same author mentionsthe entrance of Cardinal Dietrichstein into Vienna , in 1611,where he tells us that forty carriages went to meet him. 11

tl Suite des M6moires pour servir a l’Hist. de Brandenburg, p. 63 ; where theroyal author adds, “ The common use of carriages is not older than the time of,f John Sigismund.” He also remarks, that those carriages were coarse coaches,composed of four boards put together in a clumsy manner.

11 Annal. Ferdin. V. p. 2199; and vii. p. 373, Von Mosers Teutsches hofrecht.Franc, and Leipsic, 1753, 4to. ii. p. 3S8*