GENERAL OBSERVATIONS ON THE STRATA.

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promontory of the Culver at the east end of the island, and againat Alum bay, the Needles, and Compton bay, at the west end;the positions of the strata being nearly the same at all theseplaces.

Th is series of nearly vertical strata, though less evident in theinterior of the island, may easily be recognised by the attentiveobserver in various parts. At Yaverland, and Brading down, thechalk and the green sand stone maybe advantageously examined.At Arreton, the former stratum only is visible; whether thegreen sand stone is found in the neighbourhood, I had no oppor-tunity of determining. At St. George’s down, Mount Joy, andCarisbrook, the highly inclined chalk is distinctly perceived ; andthe vertical clay may also be noticed at one place. From this tothe Needles, a series of chalk pits on the sides of the hills ex-hibit in a satisfactory manner the same structure, accompaniedwith similar phenomena.

From the very instructive sections furnished by the cliffs of theCulver and the Needles, as well as from the various pits in theintervening space, it appears, that the dip of the strata on eachside of the series is extremely different; being quite vertical onthe north side, (PI. XLIX. fig. 2, and 3,) and the angle in whichthe rest dip to the north becoming gradually less and less as theyapproach the south side, until at last we find the same strata ina horizontal position.

The horizontal strata composing the hills of Shanklin, Bon-church, and St. Catherine, on the south side of the island, do notappear at first to belong to the same series as those of the middlerange. But their identity is easily and distinctly ascertained bycomparing the green sand cliffs of Gunnose, Undercliff, Apple-