o

164 T’he Use os the %rresricti Gtohe.

to avoid which inconvenience, you may thrust in the feather-endof a quill between the ball of the globe and the braten Meridian ;which, without hurting the ball, will keep it from turning in themeridian,;~whilst yon turn the west side of the horizon towards you.

PROBLEM I.

*T1 find the * latitude and 4 hngitude of any given place upon the glohe

Turn the globe on its axis, until the given place comes exactly underthat graduated side of the brafen Meridian, on which the degrees arenumbered from the equator ; and observe what degree of the Meridianthe place then lies under y which is its latitude» north or fouth, asthe place is north or fouth of the equator.

The globe remaining in this polition, the degree of the equator,which is under the braten Meridian, is the longitude of the place (fromthe Meridian of London on the Englißo globes) which is east or west,as the place lies on the east or west side of the sirst Meridian of theglobe. — All the Atlantic Ocean , and America , is on the west side ofthe Meridian of London ; and the greatest part of Europe , and ofAfrica , together with all Afia, is on the east side of the Meridian ofLondon , which is reckoned the firfi meridian. of the globe by theEnglifio geographers and astronomers.

P R O B L E M II.

‘The longitude and latitude of a place being given, to find that- place on th&-

globe.

Look for the given longitude in the equator (counting it eastward,or westward from the sirst meridian, as it is mentioned to be east orwest;) and bring the point of longitude in the equator to the brafen

* The latitude of a place is its distance from the equstor, and is north or fouth, asthe place is north or fouth of the equator. Thofe v/ho live at the equator have no la-titude, because it is there that the latitude begins.

f The longitude of a place is the number of degrees (reckoned upon the equator)that the meridian of the faid place is distant from the meridian of any other place fromwhich we reckon, either eastward or westward, for 180 degrees,. or half round theglobe. The Englifh reckon the longitude from the meridian of London, and theFrench now reckon it from the meridian of Paris. The meridian of that place, fromwhich the longitude is reckoned, is called the firfl meridian. The places upon thismeridian have no longitude, because it is there that the longitude begins.

4. meridian,