CONSTRUCTION OF MACHINES.

Chap. 11.]

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hindmost side of the pulley than the buckets will carryit, the same evil will occur; because the buckets willpush the wheat before them, being more than they canhold, and give room for too much to come in; therefore,there should be a relief gate at the bottom, to let thewheat out, should too much happen to get in.

The motion is to be given to the upper pulley of allelevators, if it can be done, because the weight in thebuckets causes the strap to hang tightly on the upper,and slackly on the lower pulley; therefore, the upperpulley will carry the greatest quantity without slipping.All elevators should stand a little slanting, because theywill discharge the better. The boards for the casesshould be of unequal lengths, so that two joints may ne-ver come close together; this greatly strengthens thecase. Some have joined the cases at every floor, whichis a great error. There must be a door in the ascend-ing case, at the place most convenient for buckling thestrap, &c. &c.

Of the Crane Spout.

To make a crane spout, fix a board 18 or 20 inchesbroad, truly horizontal, or level, as a, under B, in fig. 1,Plate VI. Through the middle of this board the wheatis conveyed, by a short spout, from the elevator. Thenmake the spout of 4 boards, 12 inches wide at the upper,and about 4 or 5 inches at the lower end. Cut the up-per end off aslant, so as to fit nicely to the bottom of theboard; hang it to a strong pin, passing through the broadboard near the hole through which the wheat passes, sothat the spout may be turned in any direction, and stillcover the hole, at the same time it is receiving the wheat,and guiding it into any garner, at pleasure. In orderthat the pin may have a strong hold of the board andspout, there must be a piece of scantling, 4 inches thick,nailed on the top of the board, for the pin to pass through;and another to the bottom, for the head of the pin to reston. But if the spout be long and heavy, it is best tohang it on a shaft, that may extend down to the floor, orbelow the collar-beams, with a pin through it, as x, to