4 6

DYEING AND CALICO PRINTING .

possible with holes until within a few inches of the top of the kier, where itis connected with the tap g (an ordinary two-way tap, which admits eithersteam or liquor, or shuts off both) by an inlet pipe, which dips for somedistance inside the distributor, o o is the pipe connecting the top of the kier awith the bottom of kier b, and p p is the pipe which connects the top of kier bwith the top of kier a q q are steam-pipes from the main-pipe, r; m is themanway, through which the goods are introduced and removed ; n the pipeand tap, through which the working liquor enters the kier; 5 s are gauges, bywhich it is seen when the liquor has passed from one kier and has entered the

Fig. 1.

other; k k are draw-off taps connected with the pipes 0 and p , by which thekiers can be emptied of spent liquor, water, &c.

In operating with this apparatus, the goods are introduced through themanways, laying them at the bottom, upon the umbrella plate and thebottom of the kier; the kiers are filled to the top, and the manways closed.Steam (a high pressure preferable) is then admitted, through the two-way* a P s > S St the pipes q q into the kiers; the steam forces all the coldwater, air, &c,, out of the goods (being very much assisted in its adion by thedistributor) through the perforated edge of the umbrella plate, at d d, the holes