COLOURS ON WOOLLENS.

93

t lb. of nitrate of tin. Enter the fabric and boil for three quarters of an hour.Remove, cool, and rinse.

Ponceau.

For 100 lbs. of fabric. Colour scarlet, as for scarlet dyeing, but withoutflavine or yellow dye-stuff. Then well rinse the goods. Prepare a kettle offresh water heated to i8o°, into which put 5 lbs. of cochineal paste (see p. 88).Stir, and enter the fabric without boiling. Rinse and dry. Magenta crystalsmay be substituted for the cochineal.

Pink for Listings.

For 100 lbs. of wool. Boil together, until dissolved, 8 lbs. of cochineal,5 lbs. of tartar, 10 lbs. of muriate of tin, £ lb. of tin crystals. Cool to 170° F.,and enter the wool, boiling for half an hour. Should the wool not colourevenly add a few lbs. of hydrochloric acid. If the listings are to be on whiteflannels, add about 6 lbs. more of muriate of tin to the beck before removingthe wool. To prevent the colour running the scourer should add a solution of1 lb. of hydrochloric acid to the last rinsing of the flannel. Should thecochineal have been smeared upon the white it should be well rinsed out withcold water before sulphuring.

Madder Red.

For 100 lbs. of fabric (generally cloth for army uniforms). Dissolve 20 lbs.of alum, 5 lbs. of tartar, 5 lbs. of muriate of tin. Enter the goods, boilingfor two hours. Remove, cool, and drain over night. Into fresh water stir75 lbs. of good Dutch madder. Enter the fabric at 120° F., and raise thetemperature to 200° in one hour. Handle, rinse, and dry.

Magenta.

For 100 lbs. of fabric. Dissolve 8 ozs. of magenta crystals in boiling waterand strain through a flannel sieve. Cool the bath to 170° F., in which handlethe fabric half an hour. Varying the quantity of magenta crystals will causevariation in the shade. A few lbs. of soap will aid in securing evenness ofcolour.

Crimson with Cochineal.

For 100 lbs. of thibets. Dissolve 10 lbs. of tartar, 6 lbs. of nitrate of tin, andboil the goods in this solution for two hours. Prepare a fresh bath with 20 lbs.of cochineal paste with water at 170° F.; increase the temperature to 200°.Remove, cool, and rinse.

Where hard water is employed the colour will be very brilliant; in the caseof river water about 3 lbs. of whiting may be added. For Orleans withTurkey red warps the colouring should be effedted in one operation, the paste,tartar, and nitrate of tin being all added at once. Muriate of tin must notbe employed.

Rose-Pink.

For 100 lbs. of fabric. Dissolve 5 lbs. of alum, 5 lbs. of cream of tartar,2 lbs. of saleratus, 5 lbs. of muriate of tin, with sufficient cochineal paste to pro-duce the required shade. Handle the fabric at 180° F. This colour is faster andbetter suited for carpetings than that obtained with magenta.