COLOURED DERIVATIVES OF PHENOL.

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The temperature of the bath is raised to 38° C., and the wool is worked in ittill it has acquired a yellowish colour; it is then withdrawn, washed, anddried. Wool or woollen goods thus prepared are then treated in the ordinarymanner, either with Lightfoot’s or Lauth’s patent black.

Besides the above-described blacks mention must be made of the anilineblack pigment of Roberts, Dale, and Co. It is perhaps the best black knownfor topical printing with albumen colours, as it does not, like logwood blacks,tarnish the Ginguets, greens, or ultramarine blues.

The Lucas black, otherwise known as “ Noir d’Aniline Lucas,” or“ Petersen’s Aniline Black,” though much praised at first, has found its level.According to the analysis of Rheineck, it consists of a mixture of hydro-chlorate of aniline, and chlorides of copper, iron, and calcium. It finds nofavour either with dealers or consumers, and an account of its bad propertieshas no longer any special technical interest.

The accompanying specimen is printed with the above-mentioned mixture

Aniline Black.

of hydrochlorate of aniline, chlorate of potassa, soda, or ammonia andsulphide of copper added immediately before using. After ageing for twonights the goods are washed off in a hot solution of silicate of soda, washed,soaped, and re-washed.

COLOURED DERIVATIVES OF PHENOL.

Synonyms: —Carbolic Acid, Phenic Acid, Phenic Alcohol, Hydrate of Phenyl,Phenylated Water.

Phenol is a solid, colourless body, crystallising in long needles, whichbelong probably to the rhombic system. It has an empyreumatic odour anda burning taste. If touched it attacks the skin, producing white blisters. Itsspecific gravity is 1-065 ■ it liquefies at 34° to 35° C.,'and boils between 187°and 188°. Phenol is soluble in alcohol and ether, in concentrated acetic acid,m the tar oils, and in glycerine. It is slightly soluble in water, from which itcan be separated by adding saline matter. It is capable of combining with