ALOES.

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bi-chloride of tin, but always in small quantity as compared with the alumina,since it is employed more as an alterant than as a mordant; thickeners ;various other materials, e.g., acetic acid, are added, though not absolutelynecessary. The goods are previously prepared with alumina or stannateof soda.

Application-Yellows are generally prepared with berries and tin-salts, whilealumina is the mordant.

Steam Reseda-Yellow : made up with quercitron extract, pyrolignite of iron,and an aluminous mordant.

Steam-Grey is chiefly made up of quercitron extradt, extradt of Brazil wood,decodtion of nutgalls, sulphate of iron, pyroligneous acid, and bichromate ofpotassa ; or extradts of Brazil wood and quercitron, with pyrolignite of iron,acetate of iron, and berry liquor; or acetate of iron, alum, berry liquor,decodtion of nut-galls.

Steam-Olive is made up of berry liquor, acetate of iron, and tin-salt.

Steam-Brown (Puce) is mainly made up of mixed extradts of Lima andSt. Martha woods, quercitron, pyrolignite of alumina, chlorate of potassa;also of berry liquor, fustic, and Lima wood decodtions, red liquor, acetate ofcopper, sal-ammoniac—this latter material adting, during the printing process,in a physical manner, and during the oxidation chemically, somewhat as inaniline-black.

Application-Puce is made up of berry liquor, Lima wood extradt, bichlorideand protochloride of tin, and nitrate of iron.

Steam-Orange is made up of berry liquor and extradt of St. Martha wood, analuminous mordant, and acetate of copper.

Application-Orange is chiefly made up of berries, St. Martha wood, and bi-chloride of tin.

Steam-Greens are prepared by a mixture of steam-blue with berry liquor, redliquor (as used for madder), and tin-salts.

The steam-yellows are fixed upon wool and silk by means of a mixture ofalum, the chlorides of tin, and oxalic acid.

Aloes.

Aloes, or aloe resin, is the inspissated dry juice of a plant belonging to theAsphodelese, a native of the Cape of Good Hope, and cultivated in India andthe West Indies, as well as some parts of Southern Europe. The juice is bestobtained by cutting off the leaves at their bases, and causing the sap to runinto any suitable vessel over which the leaves are hung up. The juice becomesdry by exposure to air, and is found in commerce as a resinous mass, of ayellowish-brown colour, and very bitter taste.

There are several varieties of aloes, the chief being—

Cape aloes, the produdt of the Aloe spicata, arborescens, and lingua.

Socotrin aloes, the produdt of the Aloe socotrina , a highly-valued variety.

Aloe hepatica, the produdt of several species of aloe plants, and chieflyimported from Greece and Egypt.

Barbados and CuraQoa aloes, obtained from the Aloe arborescens bysteeping the leaves first in boiling water, and next pressing them.

Aloes is imported in boxes or bags, and very largely used, especially inveterinary medicine. The colour of the pulverised resin is yellow to brownish-