PRINTING DELAINES.

615

The preparing, which is the next step, is also of capital importance. Thepieces are generally padded twice, by means of a machine with woodenrollers, in stannate of soda. Next they are run through water mixed withsulphuric acid and marking 3° Tw., gently washed and partly dried, and,lastly, they are twice padded in dilute sulpho-muriate of tin, at about 4 0 Tw.Some printers, however, prepare delaines like calico, by merely padding instannate, souring, &c., as described on p. 600. Others use a variety of“ prepares.” Thus the pieces are padded four times, in a solution formed ofequal parts of bichloride of tin, at 120° Tw., and double muriate of tin (proto-chloride), at 120 6 Tw., and let down with water to 10° Tw. ; then in dilutesulphuric acid, at 4° Tw.; then in chloride of lime, at o'5° Tw., washed, placedin the nydro-extraflor, and dried. Whatever be the “ prepare,” it is advisableto pass the pieces from it, without washing, diredtly into the weak solution ofchloride of lime just mentioned, after which they are washed and dried.

The solution of sulpho-muriate of tin above mentioned is prepared by

mixing—

Double muriate of tin, at 120° Tw. 3 quarts.

Sulphuric acid, at 170° Tw. . 1 quart.

Mix together very gradually, and add—

Muriatic acid . 4 quarts.

For use, reduce with water to 4° Tw. When the pieces, after preparing, areready for printing, they are padded in weak gum Senegal water (J lb. pergallon), and dried.

The following are some of the colours ordinarily used for printing

delaines:—

No. 1. Black.—

Logwood liquor, at 12° Tw. 3 gals.

Starch.-. 3 lbs.

Boil well together, and when the mixture has cooled to about 88° to go° F.add—

Nitrate of iron, at 85° Tw. 1 quart.

No. 2. Black. —

Logwood liquor, at 8° Tw. 2 gals.

Bark liquor, at io° Tw. 3 pints.

Extradt of indigo . 5 ozs -

Pyroligneous acid, at 7 0 Tw. 1 quart.

Bichromate. . .. i oz.

Flour . . .. 4 lbs.

British gum. 1 lb.

Boil the mixture, and when it is nearly cold add—

Sal-ammoniac . i lb.

Muriate of iron, at 80° Tw.. 1 pint.

Nitrate of iron, at 8o° Tw. 1 ,,

No. 3. Blue, Dark or Royal. —

Water .. ... 6 gals.

Starch. 65 lbs.

Sal-ammoniac .... 2) lbs.