APPENDIX. ' 691

The mixture is boiled, and yields a lilac-grey. At higher temperatures a deepbrown is produced.

2. Humus.20 kilos.

Normal sulphide.. .40 litres.

This “normal sulphide” contains 70 litres soda-lye at 40° B., 65 litres ofwater, and 30 kilos, of sulphur. To dye cotton, a sufficient quantity of theproduct is dissolved in water at 6o° C., and the goods are worked in this inthe usual manner. They are then passed through boiling bichromate of pot-ash solution, which fixes the colour.

Vat-Blue Ground, with a Red, Brown, Black, and White Pattern.

The goods are bleached, freed from chlorine with “ antichlor,” stiffened,and calendered. They are then printed with the following colours:—

For white:—10 parts verdigris are stirred up in acetic acid, the mixturediluted with water, and 4 lbs. of pipe-clay are well beaten up in this liquid,As soon as the whole is thoroughly incorporated 1 lb. of powdered gum arabicis added, allowed to dissolve, well stirred up, and water added sufficient tobring it to the consistence required for printing: J lb. of blue vitriol and

ozs. tartaric acid are then stirred in.

For the red:—2 lbs. pipe-clay are beaten up in red liquor at io°Baume;| lb. of ground gum arabic is added, and the mixture is allowed to stand at agentle heat till all is dissolved; 3 ozs. of powdered blue vitriol are then wellstirred in, and, lastly, a solution of 2 ozs. of verdigris in the smallest possiblequantity of strong acetic acid. The whole is well stirred up, and is readyfor use.

For a chocolate-brown:—Add to the mass, as directed for red, £ lb. of ironliquor at io° B.

For the black:—Dissolve £ lb. of solid logwood extract in 6 lbs. of boilingwater; cool, strain, and dissolve in the clear liquid \ lb. of blue vitriol; 10 ozs.of powdered gum arabic are added, and the mixture is allowed to stand, withfrequent stirring, till the gum is completely dissolved ; 2 ozs. of verdigris arethen dissolved in the smallest possible quantity of boiling acetic acid; thesolution is added to the mixture, and 6 ozs. of iron liquor at 12 0 B. are finallyStirred in.

These four colours are blocked in or printed with the perrotine, and thepieces are hung up for four days. They are then vatted to the shade desired,care being taken not to remove the resists by fri&ion. The pieces are thenpassed through a dung-bath at 167° F., 15 to 20 lbs. of dung being allowed toeach piece. Finally, the goods are dyed either with madder or artificialalizarin, the latter requiring no clearing. If alizarin is preferred, lbs. ofthe paste are used along with 1 litre of bran. If madder is used, 6 lbs. arerequired along with 3 lbs. bran and i£ lbs. sumac. After dyeing, the goodsare passed through a boiling bran-bath, rinsed, passed through weak chlorideof lime, rinsed again, and dried.

Black and White on a Madder-Red Ground.

The pieces, duly bleached, are padded with red liquor at 12 0 Baume, anddried at 66° F. After hanging three days they are printed with the followingmixtures:—

2 Y 2