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increasing, and the cheroots are superior to any othersfrom that part of the world.
Trinidad sends cigars, very clumsily made, and defi-cient in aroma, but which have been awarded a PrizeMedal, for their excellent mild almond flavour, and forthe novelty of the manufacture, which is worthy of en-couragement (p. 974).
A great deal of tobacco is exhibited from the NorthernStates of Europe, Belgium, the Netherlands , &c.; ofthe manufactured produce, Honourable Mention is madeof the cigars (G9, p. 1145) of A. Van der Linden, ofHolland, which are composed, some of Dutch and someof Java tobacco. Also of the cigars of J. P. Muller(11, p. 1126), of the Grand Duchy of Hesse. Prussiaexhibits various samples, generally of common and coarsecigars. Honourable Mention is made of those of A. F.Carstanjen Sons (468, p. 1077), which are better fla-voured and more fragrant than any English -made article.Austria sends many fine snuffs.
The most important exhibition of German tobacco isthat from Mannheim , sent by Wm. Sachs, which, unfor-tunately, owing to the lateness of the crop, arrived toolate to be placed on the Award List. It is but fair to theproducer to state that it has been pronounced superior inflavour, and in point of curing, to any European tobaccoknown in the English market. The Agricultural Societyof Baden has encouraged the culture of this crop, whichhas rapidly increased to 200,000 cwt., annually grown onthe banks of the Rhine . The cultivation is carried onby small proprietors, and employs 20,000 hands; and theproduce is sold at a very cheap rate. It is exported inleaf, in vast quantities, to England, Belgium, Spain , and,in bad seasons, to the Havannah itself; and the cigarsare consumed in the United States to a great amount.Great attention is paid to the selection of fine coveringleaves, upon the goodness of which the burning anddrawing so materially depend; and in this the manufac-turers, judging from the samples exhibited, seem to havebeen eminently successful. Though still inferior to thebest American tobacco, it surpasses much that is broughtinto the market.
The Spanish Department excels all others in the beautyand variety of its cigars. The Havannahs are here alludedto, for the Manilla cheroots are scarcely represented inthe Exhibition, which is very much to be regretted.
The best Havannah tobacco farms are confined to avery narrow area on the south-west part of the greatisland of Cuba . This district, 27 leagues long and only7 broad, is bounded on the north by mountains, on thesouth and west by the ocean, whilst eastward, thoughthere is no natural limit, the tobacco sensibly degeneratesin quality. A light sandy soil, and rather low situation,suit the best. Of the small collection of cigars shown,two exhibitors have been awarded Prize Medals. Theone, Don Buenaventura Gonzalez Alvera, for his“ Ramas ” cigars (126, p. 1336) ; these are considered thebest it is possible to produce, and fetch 30Z. per 1,000 inthe Havannah. They proved extremely fine in flavour,and perfect in burning qualities, but they were so tightlyrolled as to draw with difficulty, which is rather consi-dered an advantage by the Spaniards in this cigar. Theother Prize Medal was given to a much milder cigar,drawing freely, and considered equally deliciously fla-voured, by the Jury ; the exhibitor is known as DeCabanas and Cabazal (T26b, p. 1336).
There are also in the Spanish Department a few Manilla cheroots, some beautiful samples of the Manilla leaf, fromthe three principal districts of the island, Visagas, Yga-rotes, and Cagayan, and some admirable cigarillas.
Portugal exhibits cigars, cigarettes, cut tobaccos, andsnuffs; of which the latter are very good, and wellcured. There are two qualities of cigars, the one is toomild, but excellent in flavour, and burns well; the otheris a compressed darker cigar, resembling the Havannah“ Bravas,” delicately flavoured and sufficiently strong.A Prize Medal is given for these cigars (1203 & 1207,p. 1318), fabricated at the Royal Tobacco and Snuff Com-pany. There is also a great number of snuffs from thesame Company, and from other manufacturers ; of theformer, Honourable Mention is made of Nos. 1172 Sc 1183
(p. 1318). The others are, for the most part, too muchflavoured with orris-root. The cigarettes are very in-ferior to the Spanish .
Algiers contributes an extensive assortment of to-baccos of many kinds : it is becoming the great tobaccomart of France. Both the Havannah leaf, the Syrian ,aud the Manilla , appear to be cultivated and cured byArabs as well as colonists : the specimens sent are fromexceedingly well-grown, beautiful crops: the curing isperfectly well conducted, and the rolling, Sc c., of thecigars is sometimes faultless; all are, however, utterlydeficient in flavour and strength, being small, poor inquality, and very pale-coloured. The Krachena’s cigars' are the best, and of the tobacco, a sample from Oran, re-sembling the Shiraz. Some Philippine Island leaf, exhi-bited by M. Morin, of El Biar, is very fine, but inappearance only. There are some cigars made from theimported Havannah leaf, sold at an extraordinarily cheaprate, and cigarillas still cheaper.
A Prize Medal lias been awarded to the magnificentTurkish collection of bazaar tobaccos : it is extensive,and the samples are all particularly fine and abundant.Latakia of the best quality is exhibited here, dark incolour, and if a good tarry flavour. The Moldavian tobacco is also particularly fine. The Jury much regrettheir inability to give any detailed account of this ad-mirable collection, information being wanted on the sub-ject of the growth of the fiuer qualities of Oriental to-baccos particularly.
Persia is justly renowned for the quality of its to-baccos, both mild and strong: of these, the most cele-brated amongst the milder perfumed sorts, is called: “ Aburika,” or “ Father of Perfumes:” two samples areexhibited; one, the ordinary dark-coloured, in leaf; theother, loosely twisted into a roll, is paler, more prized inthe country, and given as presents amongst the nobles.It is much too mild for appreciation in England, howeverdelicate the flavour. The Damascus tobacco is of the; same quality as the celebrated Shiraz, pale-coloured, buti rather thick and firm in the leaf, and very strong.
Egypt sends two bales of “ Gerbaii tobacco,” culti-vated, wc believe, in the Delta of the Nile , and madeinto cigars ordinarily used in Egypt ; but even there con-sidered very inferior.
Russia . —The exhibition is small, but the samples allof good quality, especially the cigarillas of A. Spiolazoff(76, p.1369), which are as large as ordinary cheroots, andsupplied with a short broad reed-tube at the mouth end,a pleasant contrivance. The tobacco used is Russian-grown, very mild, and rather sweet-flavoured, though notequal in aroma to the Havannah cigarillas. A PrizeMedal is awarded them. Honourable Mention is madeof the Turkish tobacco (75, p. 1369), grown in the Cir-cassian Provinces by Mustapha Idarof, which is equalto the best grown in Turkey.
United States of America . — The exhibition ischiefly of Cavendish tobaccos, and is both extensive andadmirable; the contributions of many makers attestingthe importance of the manufacture, and the prevalence ofchewing, for which these are principally used in theUnited States , whilst in England they are most prized asthe strongest and best flavoured for smoking. The finestVirginia leaf is used in the manufacture, which consistschiefly in curing and pressing the leaf into flat squarecakes of various sizes, a little molasses or sugar beingsometimes added. Prize Medals have been awarded to—
Dill and Mulchahey (273, p. 1452) for their Caven-dish ; James H. Grant (284, p. 1453), Black Cavendish ;Poitiaux Robinson (265, p. 1452), Cavendish.
Honourable Mention has been made of Mooklar andCniLES (8, p. 1433); Oyler and Anderson (305, p.1453); Thomas and Co. (268, p. 1452), for Cavendish :—James Thomas (528, p. 1467), for Negro-head. Also ofthe Maryland leaf tobacco and cigars, exhibited by theMaryland Committee (included in Prize Medal awardedby Jury of Class IV.)
E.— Spices and Condiments, Vinegar and Pickles.
Cinnamon, Cassia, &c. —This product is at presentconfined to the Continent and Archipelago of India ,