Class II.]
Go
tributions from the principal sugar-growing countries.For instance, Jamaica , Tobago, St. Vincent, and everyother West Indian colony, except Trinidad , Demerara,and Barbadoes , have failed to send specimens. Thereare none from the foreign possessions in the Old World,Porto Kieo, the Brazils, or ilavannah, none from Manillaand China , whilst Java and Madras send little more thanone sample each.
In refined sugar the British manufactories are whollyunrepresented.
A specimen of sugar, from cane grown in England,deserves notice as a curiosity. The sample was madewithout filtration, by Dr. Evans, from cane grown byII. Perkins, Esq., in Surrey.
East Indian Possessions. — A sample of Ganjam(Madras Pres.) (pp. 875, STB) sugar in the HonourableEast India Company ’s contribution has been awarded aPrize Medal: it is exhibited by Mr. O. P. Onslow, AskaSugar Factory. The colour and grain leave nothing tobe desired. There are two specimens of Bohilciuid sugarfrom Carkw and Co.’s manufactory at Shah-jehanpore;of which one, said to he manufactured by a Europeanprocess, is excellent, and worthy of Honourable Mention;that prepared by the native process is very inferior.Various kinds of a good description are exhibited by theAstagram Sugar Company, to whom a Prize Medal liasbeen awarded. Sundry raw sugars are exhibited fromthe Deccan, apparently manufactured on the Mauritius principle; they are good, and well crystallized, but arenot remarkable. One sample has received HonourableMention ; it is a white refined sugar, in the form ofbricks, not clean, but apparently a good useful article.It is possibly a date-palm sugar.
Java exhibits two fair samples from Sourabaya , towhich a Prize Medal has been awarded: both are clayedsugars: one is said to be manufactured on a new (un-described) plan, the other by the low-pressure vacuum-pan process; botli are superior to the ordinary Dutchsugars. A Prize Medal is given to the Mauritius sugar(.‘1, p. 956), from the Phoenix estate of Wj:bb Brothersand Co.: it is a splendid sample, dry, well crystallized,produced by the vacuum-pan by a single process; butperfectly granulated and free from colouring matter. APrize Medal is also adjudged to the very fine Siam sugarof W. P. Hammond and Co.
Demerara.—A Prize Medal is awarded to the fine,well-crystallized sample produced by the vacuum-pan,and exhibited by G. Anderson and Co. (36, p. 979).Trinidad sends good samples : one is curious, from itsbeing purified with animal charcoal. Barbadoes exhi-bits fair specimens.
France . —The collection of beet-root sugars, especiallythe refined, is very good from this country, and presentsmuch both of novelty and interest. Two of themdemand particular notice; they are the produce ofMM. Numa Grar and Co. and MM. Serret Hamoir andCo., for both of which Council Medals have been awarded.
MM. Serret IIamoir and Co. are awarded the Coun-cil Medal for beet-root sugur (1485, p. 1247); the pro-cesses employed in their manufactory having enabledthem to sell the sugar at a lower price than any otherarticle of the same quality, and not being open to prac-tical objection. The principle of MM. Serret IIamoirand Co.’s success is the use made of the refuse molasses,from which potass and alcohol are procured in sufficientabundance, and of such a quality as to be very remu-nerative.
M. Numa Grar receives the Council Medal for sugar(667, p. 1211) obtained from beet-root by the bavyticprocess. It is stated to be applicable to the refuse mo-lasses of any manufactory, precipitated with barytes, andafterwards wholly freed from this poisonous ingredient.The molasses thus treated yields a large percentage ofsugar.
Three Prize Medals have been awarded to Exhibitorsof refined beet-root sugar, viz.:—
T. Crespel-Delisse, of Arras (465, p. 200), for ex-cellent beet-root sugar, prepared by the ordinary method.
Jeaxti Prf.vost and Co. (1277, p. 1328), for sugarprepared in moulds by stamping.
IIousseau Brothers A457, p. 1245), for several sam-ples prepared “ sans raffinage.”
Spain exhibits a few good sugars of native and colo-nial growth, for which three Prize Medals are awarded:to J. N. Enriquez (176, pp. 339, 340), for refined sugarmade from Malaga -grown cane: to J. J. Dk Arrieta,(295, p. 1347), for various samples of Havannah-grownsugar, refined on the estate itself; and to J. De Zulu eta(179a, p. 1340), also tor excellent llavaimah sugar.
Austria contributes good beet-root sugars A PrizeMedal is awarded to Anton Kiciitku and Co. (57, p.1009\ for five tips (or noses) of double-refined beet-rootsugar in small loaves, beautiful in quality and colour;also for good sugar-candy. Honourable Mention is madeof the Moravian beet-root sugar of the Brothers Cheva-liers de Neuwall (56, p. lut;9), and Kobkiit and Co.(55, p. 1009). Also of the Prince Ferdinand von Lob-kowitz, Bohemia (58, p. 1009), and of the sugar manu-factory at Tlumacz , in Gallicia (60, p. 1010).
Belgium exhibits in every respect the finest sugar-candy (81, p. 1151) which inis ever been seen by theJurors. A Prize Medal is awarded for it to Messrs. Clausand Carrox, of Gaud (81, p. 1154), who exhibit also afine series of coloured and other sugars. These are pro-bably all cane produce, judging by their appearance,weight, and hardness.
Bussia and Prussia exhibit a few sugars, but none ofany great merit, except the beet-root sugar of Hirsh-manx, Hirshenpore, and Bavjtch (79, p. 13G9), andthat of Brumme and Co. (687, p. 1083), of both of whichHonourable Mention is made.
United States . —A good sample of cane Muscovado(397, p. 1462) is exhibited by M. White, of New Or-leans , for which Honourable Mention was awarded.
Maple Sugar. —This substance, which is abundantlyused in America for common purposes, has hardly had afair trial in England, owing to the cheapness of the colo-nial cane sugars, and the difficulty of depriving themaple produce of its peculiar flavour. If it promisedsuccess, the cultivation of the sugar-maple tree might bealmost indefinitely extended in Canada over a large area,well suited to this tree, but unfit for pasture and agricul-ture. There are few samples exhibited, but to threeof them Prize Medals are awarded; two—in the UnitedStates, — to W. Barnes (246, p. 1452) and L. Dean (245,p. 1452); the other to A. Fisher, of Canada (69, p. 963),i for the sample of double-refined sugar, which is of superior! colour and grain. Honourable Mention is also made ofthat from J. Bales, of Canada (67, p. 963).
Palm Sugars. —These are exhibited chiefly as curiosi-ties, and consist of Gomuti-palm sugar (Arenga succhari-feru) from Java; date-palm sugar from the Deccan;Nipa sugar (from stems of Nipafmticavs ), probablyfrom the Sunderbunds, exhibited by the HonourableFast India Company; (pp. 875, 876), and sugar fromthe fleshy flower of Russia latxfolia , an East Indian tree,from whose fleshy flowers, after fermentation, an ardentspirit is distilled.
Grape Sugar is exhibited of fair quality from Tunis and from the Zollverein States; also, as molasses, fromSpain .
Liquorice. —Nothing of any importance is contributedof this description. The Spanish is almost the only sam-ple : it is very good.
ANIMAL KINGDOM.
II. I.— Preserved Alimentary Substances.
It is impossible to over-estimate the importance ofthese preparations. The invention of the process bywhich animal and vegetable food are preserved in a freshand sweet state for an indefinite period has only beenapplied practically during the last twenty-five years, andis intimately connected with the annals of Arctic disco-very. The active measures taken to discover a north-west passage, and to prosecute scientific research in allbut inaccessible regions, first created a demand for thisform of food; and the Admiralty stimulated the manu-. facturers to great perfection in the art. aAs soon as thevalue of these preparations became generally admitted in