Class IV.]
Dii. ROYLE’S COLLECTION—GUMS FROM COIMBATORE.
16. Guggilam ( Vatica tumbugaia ); from Canara andVizagapatam (p. 876).
17. Tendoo resin ( Diospyros sp.); from the Rujpootanastates.
IS. Gaup resin, obtained from the Gaup tree ( Embry -opteris glutinifera) ; from Bhagulpore.
19. Mekae-sta Dhoona, or Kerelu resin ; from Assam .
20. Odina resin, a resinous substance obtained from theOdina Wodier; from Calcutta and from Meerut.
21. Xareeda jegota {Eugenia jambulana) ; from Viza-gapatam.
22. Olibanum , saleh gond, L t aba\\(Boswellia thnrifcra);from Chota Nagpore, and Patna.
23. Cumbi resin, or Dikamali ( Gardenia lucida ); fromBombay.
24. Dammar ( Dammara orientalis) ; from Malacca ,Java, Sumatra , and Borneo.
25. Jilladi pulu ( Calotropis gigantca); from Vizaga-patam.
26. Ainmoniaeum; imported from Arabia.
27. Assafcetida (Narthax ussafeetida) ; imported fromPersia and Sindh.
28. Bdellium (Amyris commiphora , BalsamodendronAqallocha). Of this two or three varieties are exhibited :the solid gum resin, and an oleo-resin or balsam, said tolie obtained from the same tree; the former is frequentlymet with in commerce, being falsely called “myrrh,”and sometimes under the name of “ galbanum.”
29. Myrrh ; imported from Africa through Arabia, &c.
30. Dragon’s-blood; imported from Aden, also fromBorneo.
31. Gamboge; from Singapore, Mysore , Canara, &c.
32. Camboley (Morns indica ); from Paulghat.
34. Manudi jegota ( Mangifera indica ).
35. Dadinia jegota (P union granatnm) ; from Vizaga-patam.
36. Benzoin (Styraxlunzoin) ; from Sumatra ; specimens■of a similar resin, also called benzoin, are contributedfrom Malabar and Canara.
37. Storax ; from Rajpootana states.
38. Turpentine (Finns Khasynna) ; from Churra Poon-jee, in the Dacca division, and from Ullwar.
39. Moochnis (Bombax heptaphylla), a gum; from Cal-cutta bazaars.
41. Manjegota (Ficus indica ) ; from Vizagapatam.
42. Atti jegota (Ficus racemosa) ; from Vizagapatam.
43. Xepalapi pulu (Jatropha curcas) ; from Vizaga-patam and Ganjam.
44. Coorg resin, a pale green and very excellent resin ;from Coorg, contributed by His Highness the Ka.tah ofTjiavancoue. It seems to deserve further inquiry andexamination, as it might probably be well adapted for
! varnishes, &c.
Besides these, a very considerable number of otherIndian resins, gums, and gum resins, is included inDr. Hoyle's extensive collection of the raw produce of, India ; amongst these are many of the preceding ones, andalso the following:—
46. Cherry gum (Primus pudd>m); from Surat .
47. Sem ke gond, or gota gond (Bauhiuia Vahlii);from Deyra and Kajpore.
48. Labdanum, or ladun (Cistus ladaniferus) ; from; Surat .
49. Mastic , or mustagee (Pintado, lentiscus) ; fromCaubul.
50. Scammony, or sukmoonya (Convolvulus scarn-monia) ; from Surat .
51. Kunnee gond, or jingun ke gond (Idea resinifera);from the Khera Pass.
52. Toon ke gond ( Ccdrela toond).
53. Sohunjue ke gond (Moringa pterygospermd ).
According to Mr. Thomas, the “ gum” of Coimbatore
is a mixture of various gums and resins: he mentionstwenty-four different plants, the natural exudations ofwhich are collected; and he observes that they are saidto be nearly all collected promiscuously, and sold in theaggregate as gum—the mass being, of course, very im-pure ; but that, when dissolved in a large quantity ofwater, and strained through a fine cloth, it yields a solu-tion from which a good and very adhesive gum may beobtained by evaporation. The plants from which thesevarious substances thus associated together are collected,
! are, according to Dr. Wight—
Vilvey pissin - -
Avarum pissin -Vullam pissin -Yel Vaila marum —Vaypum marum —Mali marum — —
Curvaiala marum -Ellipie marum -Yellandie marum -Murungoo pissin -Kerray vaugay marumVellay nagah marum -Choar Kullie marum -Mullee vemboo —Vellay bootnllic -Vengay marum —Kodawah porsh -('at oolugoo marumCarabemboo marumYunny marum —Curun Gallie marum -Yidali vullie marum -Wadallee marum -Peru marum — —
Woody marum -Xarvallie marum -
iEgle marmelos - -
Cassia auriculata -Feronia elephantum -Acacia ferruginea - -
Melia azadirachta -
Mangifera indica - -
Acacia arabica - -
Bassia longifolia - -
Z izy phus j uj uba - -
Moringa pterygospermaAcacia odoratissima —Conocarpus latifolia —Soymeda febrifuga ? -
Melia azadirachta -
Sterculia urens — —
Pterocarpus marsupiumChloroxylon SwietcniaBombax malabaricum -Garuga pinnata - -
Prosopis spicigera -
Acacia sundra - -
Vachellia farnesiana -Acacia catechu - -
Ailanthus exceUa- -Odina Wodier — —
Cordia liothii - - -
Good arable.
Brown and soft.
Good arabic.
Inferior.
Tolerable.
Inferior.
Inferior.
Inferior.
Xot a true gum.
Soft, difficultly soluble.Tolerable.
Tolerable.
Tolerable.
Inferior.
Inferior tragacanth.Inferior kino.
Inferior.
Good colour, but inferior.Inferior.
Good arabic.
Very good arabic.
Soft, red, inferior.Inferior.
A resin.
Tolerable.
Inferior.
From this list it is evident how much the value of thegood gum must be deteriorated by the inferior gums andresinous matter mixed with it: a little care in the collec-tion, only the better sorts being chosen, would be amplyrepaid by the increased value of the article.
The very remarkable wood-oils and native varnishes ofIndia , obtained from various species of Dipterocarpus ,belong properly to the “resin” series, and may there-fore be mentioned here in connexion with the balsamsand oleo-resins. These curious substances, though fluid
when first obtained, soon harden and solidify (p. 876 );they constitute the basis of the best Burmese and othereastern varnishes and lacquers. Specimens of the Thetsee,Melanorrhcca usitatissima , employed as a lacquer, fromArraean ; of the Thenakthu, also used in Arraean, in themanufacture of papier-mach€ work, and in renderingumbrellas water-proof; and of the Gurjim, or wood-oif,from various Dipterocarpi , from Madura, Tinnevelly ,Chittagong , Pegu, and Mahurmanee, are shown. The“ Theet-see,” or varnish-tree of the Burmese , is spread