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ployed by the natives in different parts of the East Indies(p. 880). This important series forms part of the col-lection of raw produce for which the Jury recommendedthe award of a Council Medal. In addition, they awardeda Prize Medal to their Highnesses the Kajaiis of Kotahand of Cl'TOH (p. 880\ for the various specimens of dye-stuffs which they have contributed to the East Indiancollection.
1. Amongst the more important of the well-knownIndian dyes, one of the principal is, of course, indigo,and of this a number of excellent specimens are con-tributed. The best are those shown by Messrs. Macxajk,of Babookally, Messrs. Akbuthxot, of Cuddapah, andthe proprietors of the Joradah Factory (p. 880): foreach of these the Jury awarded a Prize Medal. Verygood samples of indigo are also contributed by theKajaiis of Kotah and Cdtch, from Kotah and Broach;and also from Sindh and Madras (p. 880). A completeand highly-interesting model of an indigo factory, show-ing all the different processes through which the dyepasses in the process of manufacture, is likewise ex-hibited.
2. Specimens of the Pala or Palar indigo, prepared insome parts of India from the Wriyhtia (Neriuni) (victoria,a plant which flourishes in dry and barren lands, are con-tributed by Mr. G. T. Fischer, of Salem (p. 880). It issaid that this indigo is occasionally mixed with the or-dinary indigo of commerce. The Jury awarded a PrizeMedal for these specimens.
3. Fair samples of safflower or Kussoumba, Carthamus
tinctoria (p. 8S0), are contributed by the Kajah ofKotah, from Kotah: by AY. S. Hudson*, from Assam ;from Dacca; from Kohilkund: from the Celebes ; andfrom the neighbourhood of Calcutta . There is probablyno dye more easily injured by careless collection than :safflower: the great superiority of the Chinese over the :ordinary East Indian safflower is chiefly due to the greatercare with which the Chinese collect it. ;
4. Turmeric, Curcuma loan a (p. 880), is sent from
Nepal by his Highness the Maharajah; from Assam ;from the Kajpootana states: from Kohilkund : from Cal-cutta ; from Beerbhoom : from Cuddapah; from Bombay;from Madras ; and from Java. '
5. Sappan-wood, Casulpinin sappan (p. 880), contri-buted from Bengal ; from the Tenasserim provinces; andby Tan Kim Seng from Siam, and from the PhilippineIslands .
8. Munjeet, Munjuth, or Indian madder, llubia mini-jistha (p. 880). This is a valuable dye-stuff, and hithertonot so well appreciated as it deserves, for some of thecolours dyed with it are quite as permanent as those dyedwith madder, and even more brilliant; its use is, however,gradually increasing, and it is unquestionably well worthythe attention of dyers. Good samples are exhibitedby Captain Smith, from Assam (p. 880). For these theJury awarded a Prize Medal.
Specimens of Munjeet are also contributed from Nepal by his Highness the Maharajah ; from Aden : and fromCalcutta.
7. Chay-root, Oldenlandia uinhellata , a red dye similarto Munjeet, and used to a great extent in the southernparts of Hindostan by the native dyers. This dye is notheld in very good estimation in Europe : it seems, how-ever, to deserve a better reputation than it at present pos-sesses. Attention to this dye-stuff was drawn in 1798 bya special minute of the Board of Trade, recommendingits importation; but Dr. Bancroft, who made some ex-periments with a sample of damaged chay-root, consideredit inferior to madder, and lienee discouraged its furtherimportation. Specimens are contributed by CaptainOgilvie, from Masulipatam and from Palamcottah(p. 880). Samples of the Bulu or Mangkudu wood, androot, much used throughout the Indian Archipelago, areshown from Malacca , Java, and the Celebes.
8. Annotto. The seeds of the Bixa orellana, from -which this colouring matter is prepared, are contributedfrom Assam , and from the vicinity of Calcutta.
9. Movinda bark. The hark and root of various speciesof Morinda are used in different parts of the East Indies,and are considered as a very valuable red dye. Specimens
of the Muddi or Al, Morinda citrifolia , are exhibited bythe Kajah of Kotah from the Kajpootana states; andAch, or Morinda tinctoria , are contributed from Patna .The colours dyed with the Morinda are, for the most part,not brilliant: but the colouring matter is far more per-manent than many other red colours are, and with improvedmanagement would probably rival that of madder: itwould, therefore, perhaps, be a useful dye-stuff; it appearswell worthy the attention of dyers.
10. Lichens. A considerable number of differentlichens are shown from various localities; some of thesecontain a good deal of colouring matter, and might, there-fore, be advantageously employed in the manufacture oforchil, cudbear, and other preparations used by dyers.Among the specimens exhibited may be mentioned thosefrom Kohilkund: from Moorshedabad: from Darjeeling ;and other parts of the Himalayas ; from the Tenasserimprovinces: and from Sindh.
11. Mangrove bark. Kaboung, Jlhizophora manale ;—used to dye a chocolate colour, from Arrakan. Tills wasone of the colours introduced by Dr. Bancroft, and forthe exclusive use of which he obtained an Act of Parlia-ment.
12. Pulas, Tisso, or Madooga flowers :— Buieafrondosa ,used for dyeing red, from Tanna, from the district ofBeerbhoom; from Cuttack ; and by Captain Ocilviefrom the Nizam’s country (p. 881).
13. Hursinghar flowers :— Kyctanthes arbnr-tristis , usedas a yellow dye, from the Kajah of Kotah, in thestates of Kajpootana: and from Cuttack (p. 879).
14. Ukulbere or usburgli;— Datisca cannabina , a barkused for dyeing yellow ; it contains a bitter principle re-sembling that of quassia, from Lahore .
15. Marking nut; — Scmecarpus anacardium , fromAssam, from Calcutta , and from Kohilkund.
16. Capilla Kinghill, Kerso, Patany ;—prepared fromthe dried fruit of the llottlera tinctoria , and used by thenatives to dye orange: the colouring matter is apparentlyof a resinous nature, or at least is accompanied by a largequantity of resin; it is a brilliant and tolerably permanentdye: contributed from Assam and from Cuttack.
17. Gaju gum;—used as a yellow dye, from theCeleb.es.
IS. Gamboge, (Ilcbradendron gambogoidcs \ Severalexcellent specimens are contributed from different locali-ties. A good sample from Siam is exhibited by G. G.Nicol; and another is shown by Messrs. Hammond,in their collection of Archipelago produce (2, p. 998).Other specimens of gamboge [Garcinia tinctotia) arecontributed from the peninsula of India , by several ex-hibitors, especially by Dr. Gleghoun from the forests ofMysore ; for tfiis the Jury awarded a Prize Medal tohim.
19. Myrobolaus;—the fruit of various species of Ter-minalia , containing a considerable quantity of astringentmatter, and therefore used in tanning as well as in dye-ing; from Moorshedabad, Calcutta, Kohilkund, Cuttack ,Mirzapoore, Assam , and the Kajpootana states.
20. Quercus infectoria, galls, from Calcutta and ChotaNagpore.
21. Abutilon striatum ? from Calcutta and from Assam .
22. Myrica sapida, bark, from Kohilkund.
23. Mrightia antidysenterica? from Patna.
24. Ilaradah berries ( Tcrminalia sp from the hilltracts of Orissa.
25. Kerro, a purple dye, from Arrakan.
26. Thit-nan-weng, a chocolate dye, from Arrakan.
27. Sagah bark, from Singapore .
28. Tiug-njet, bark and wood, used as a dark purpledye, from Arrakan.
29. Thit-tet, Mood and bark used to dye red, fromArrakan.
30. Mooshe, from the Kajpootana states.
31. Mucha, from the Kajpootana states.
32. Kayee Kudrang, a yellow dye sent by Seyd Omarfrom Malacca.
33. The-dan, a red dye, from Arrakan.
34. Borul, from the Kajpootana states.
35. Bunchong Baht wood, from the Celebes.
36. Muchkee, from the Kajpootana states.