Class V.]

STEAM-ENGINES, &c.—AWARDS.

173

due to the centrifugal force, and the consequent wear andtear, and loss of power by friction, are avoided. Thisprecaution, expedient in all engines, is the more requiredin this, as it is intended to work at high velocities(500 revolutions per minute). The high pressure (75 lbs.per square inch), at which it is proposed to work thisengine, is, however, to be deprecated as attended with greatrisk, and with great loss by reason of the high temperature.

No. 924, p. 1224 (Trance). Malzaize, J. N., 4 Im-passe St. Michel, Chartres (Eure et Loire ). A frictionclutch, for throwing out of gear a single pair of stonesin a flour-mill without stopping the mill. On the spindlewhich carries the mill-stone is fixed a conical cup, intowhich a cone, fixed on the corresponding driving-spindle,is pressed by means of a screw, until a sufficient frictionis obtained to carry the mill-stone round: the renersemotion of the screw releases it.

No. 907, p. 1220 (France ). Pol'yku, —, Mechanist,Rouen . Apparatus by which any number of prime moversmay be connected or disconnected at pleasure, so as towork the same machine. By this simple and ingenious ex-pedient, a water-wheel and* a steam-engine may be madeconjointly to drive the same machine with regularity, thesteam-engine doing only so much work as is necessary tomake up for the deficiencies of the water-wheel.

No. 40, p. 218. Tope and Sox, Edge ware Toad. Afive-horse power oscillating cylinder direct-acting steam-engine, of good construction and good workmanship.

No. 105, p. 1013 (Austria). Schmidt, H. D., Vienna ,engineer. A parabolic governor for a steam-engine. Theballs and rods for raising the valves are the same as in theordinary governor, except that the centres of the balls aremade to move on the surface of a paraboloid of revolutioninstead of a sphere. This is effected by means of parabolicarms, fixed on opposite sides of the spindle, on which armsthe balls slide, the rods which connect the balls with thevalves sliding through them to admit of this motion.

Nos. 46, 203, pp. 218, 219. Siemens, C. AW, Birming-ham , working model of patent chronometric governor,well-known and approved.

No. 41, p. 21S. Nasmyth, J., Patricroft, Manchester , asmall portable direct acting steam-engine. The cylinderis fixed, vertical and inverted, the crank being placedbeneath it and the piston working downwards. Thesides of the frame ■which supports the cylinder serve asguides, and the bearings of the crank shaft and fly-wheelare firmly fixed in the bed plate of the engine: the ar-rangement is compact and economical, and the workman-ship practically good and durable.

No. 25, p. 214. Crosskill, AY., Beverley. A portableoscillating cylinder direct-acting steam-engine, of simpleconstruction and good workmanship.

No. 12, p. 212. Edwards, T., Islington Foundry, Bir-mingham . Patent five-horse power direct-acting high-pressure steam-engine, of simple construction and goodworkmanship.

No. 14, p. 212. Simpson and Shipton, Trafford Street,Manchester . Short-stroke reciprocating high-pressureengine.

If a solid cylinder be conceived to be fixed eccentricallyto an axis, and to be enclosed in a rectangular case,through the sides of which case an aperture is left for theplay of the axis of the cylinder, and which is suspendedfrom another axis about which it vibrates; and if theexternal surface of the cylinder be supposed so to fitthe interior of the case into whatever position it mavslide as it turns round, that it may divide the case intotwo chambers, the separation of which is steam-tight;then it is obvious that if there be a vacuum created inone of these chambers, and steam admitted into the other,the end of the case and the side of the cylinder will, inthe latter chamber, tend to separate, and,* in the former,to come together, which tendency will take effect, boththe c\ Under and the case being moveable. Instead of theaxis of the cylinder being fixed and the case moveable,the axis of the cylinder may be moveable and the casefixed, as in the engine exhibited. The power is thentransmitted from the moveable to a fixed axis bv a crank.AA hen the cylinder has thus been propelled to the oppositeend of the case, completing one-half of a revolution upon

its axis, it may obviously be made to complete the otherhalf by reversing the action of the steam; provided thatthe dead points can be passed. This mav be effected bya fly, or by placing a second cylinder on the same axis,at right angles to the first and, a second case ,—either therotation of the axis to which the cylinder is fixed, or thevibratory motion of the case serve to transmit the motivepower. This ingenious contrivance appears to be liable tothe same objection as others for the same object, in regardto the difficulty of packing. It has the advantage overthem of a more even wear.

No. 16, p. 213. Davies, Joseph and George, Al-bion Foundry, Tipton, Staffordshire. Pair of ellipticrevolving steam-engines. Two disc engines drive thesame shaft, the discs being moveable with the shaft, andthe case fixed. The governor is a hollow ball of metalsurrounded by a metallic ring loaded on one side. Inthe bottom of this ball is a vertical slot, whose planepasses through the centre of gravity. The spindle tra-verses this slot and is jointed to the sphere at its centre.AATien it is whirled round by the engine, the centre ofgravity of the ball and ring tends to rise by its centrifugalforce, which is aided by the tendency of the ring to as-sume a position in which it may rotate about the least ofits two principal axes of rotation. This tendency theslot allows to take effect. As the ball thus alters itsposition, a lever, whose fulcrum is within the ball actingupon a slide upon the spindle, controls the throttle valve.The whole of this mechanism is masked, and the slot beingconcealed by a cup, the hall appears to move freely in thiscup unconnected with the machinery whose motion itregulates. The Prize Medal is awarded for the ingeniouscontrivance of the governor.

Honourable Mention is made of the following:—

No. 4, p. 210. Stothkkt, Slaughter, and Co., Bristol.A direct-acting engine for driving a screw propeller, ofgood workmanship.

No. 24, p. 214. Lyncii and Inglis. Vertical cylinderdirect-acting engine. Commended for compactness andgood workmanship.

No. 30, p. 214. Kansomes and May, Ipswich. A five-horse power steam-engine, on Penn’s patent trunk prin-ciple.

No. 34, p. 214. Butterley Company, Alfreton, nearDerby. An eight-horse power oscillating steam-engine.Commended for simplicity and good workmanship.

No. 37, p. 215. Evans, J., and Son. Six-horse powerhigh-pressure oscillating steam-engine. Commended forsimplicity of construction and good workmanship.

No. 11, p. 212. Hawthorn and Co., Leith. High-pressure oscillating engine. Commended for its simpleconstruction and good workmanship.

No. 526, p. 239, and Illustration. AATlson, E. B., andCo. A donkey-engine. Commended for arrangementand workmanship.

No. 70, p. 220. Constable, AA’., Brighton. Model ofa compensating fly-wheel of ingenious construction.

No. 714, p. 251. Hinitt, James, 22, Vauxhall Row,Vauxhall. AA’orkiug model of a locomotive-engine andtender. Extremely well made and creditable to the in-genuity and industry of the maker—a -workman.

No. *200, p. 225. Tuck, Joseph Henry , 22, Pall Mall.Patent pneumatic governor for regulating the speed ofsteam-engines. Experience is said to have shown theusefulness of the invention.

No. 56, p. 219. AA’ atkins and Hill, Charing Cross,London . Sectional models of steam-engines. Excellentmodels for educational purposes.

No. 328, Class AT., p. 297. Radcliffe, —. Triggerfor shutting off steam from locomotives. Commendedas a very simple arrangement.

No. 67, p. 220. Evans, AA’illjam. Working modelof a double cylinder engine. The inventor and designerof this model is blind.

No. 5, p. 211. Taplin, R., 7, Upper AA'oodlandTerrace,AA'oohvich. Model of a telescope chimney for marineboilers. Commended as a good model.

No. 16, Class VI., p. 270. Mather, AA’. and C., SalfordIron AA’orks. Spring rings for pistons, of good workman-ship.