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GLOBES—JOHNSTON’S, NEWTON’S, GILBERT’S, &c.

The articles exhibited by Mr. Newton are distinguishedby cheapness and good finish generally.

Lawrence (No. 115, p. 418) exhibits a sun-dial ap-plicable to all north latitudes.

Elliott and Sons (No. 320, pp. 443, 444) exhibit aspherical sun-dial.

Darnell (No. 383, p. 451) exhibits an universal sun-dial.

Cox (No. 347, p. 449) has exhibited a portable instru-ment for ascertaining correct time by equal altitudes ofthe sun.

Uulman (Netherlands, No. 85, p. 1147) exhibits anequatorial sun-dial made of copper, furnished with amoveable hour, minute-hand, &e., which, by suitablemechanism and a lens, may he made to discharge a pieceof ordnance at any time required.

Globes.

Joiinston, A. K. (No. 198, p. 431), has exhibited a ter-restrial globe, 30 inches in diameter; it shows the geolo-gical structure of the earth, indicates the currents of theair, trade winds, monsoons, See .; also the currents of theocean, trade routes, and isothermal lines, or lines of equaltemperature. The stand, which was executed by N.Davidson, of Edinburgh , is carved in walnut, and is ofelaborate and elegant design. A Prize Medal was awardedby the Jury for this globe.

Newton and Sox r (No. 212, p. 434) have exhibited alarge manuscript celestial globe, 6 feet in diameter. Thepositions of the stars have been laid down from their posi-tions as calculated for the year 1860.

Several pairs of globes, ranging in size from 12 inchesto 25 in diameter, variously mounted in different mate-rials.

A glass case, containing several small-sized globes,varying from 1 inch to 9 inches in diameter. These areall differently mounted.

A pair of 12-inch globes are exhibited for economy ofconstruction and improvement in the manner of mount-ing ; the pole or axis of each globe remains stationary,whilst the horizon is moveable.

Slate globes are exhibited of various sizes, having themeridians aud parallels of latitude marked upon them.The material of which they are formed affords the studentmeans of filling in the outline map with common slatepencil. This is advantageous as applied to educationalpurposes. The globes exhibited by Messrs. Newton aredistinguished by good finish generally, and by cheapness.A Prize Medal was awarded to them by the Jury.

Fletcher (No. 200, p. 431) has exhibited a pair of ter-restrial globes, and one case showing the various stages ofglobe-making. The contents of the case are as follows:—

1st. An iron mould: by the adoption of iron instead ofwood, the material generally used, all danger of warpingis avoided, and much time is consequently saved.

2nd. The axis of the globe.

3rd. The globe in its rough pasteboard form.

4th. A globe coated with composition, resting in an ironsemicircle, the revolving in which gives its perfectlyspherical form.

5th. The engraved copper plate.

6th. The impression from the copper plates.

7th. The globe pasted and partly coloured.

The globes are well made and finished, and the processof globe-making, as exhibited by Mr. Fletcher, is in-teresting.

Beadhoese (No. 677, pp. 468*, 469*) has exhibited amodel of the moon in high relief, the craters, mountains,Sec., being modelled from actual observation with a 1-footreflector, power about 55, aud the occasional use of a re-fractor power, 90 (the use of the latter being procuredonly at the expense of a journey of 35 miles). It meritscommendation, though the scale of height has been pitchedtoo high; and the effect is injured rather than improvedby silvering or gilding portions of the surface, the'wholebeing composed of a dark material.

Adorno (No. 218, p. 434) has exhibited a globe 25 inchesin diameter, with the celestial and terrestrial maps super-imposed one upon the other ; also a globe of papier-mache,

[Ci.ass X.

divided into forty-eight pieces, to be taken to pieces andrebuilt at pleasure ; and a skeleton globe, to show how torebuild the globe in its frame. The power of taking theglobe to pieces is convenient for package and removal, aswell as for the convenient study of any part of it. Theyare well made.

Stoker (No. 204, p. 433) has exhibited an angular ter-restrial globe, intended for the solution of geographicalproblems. It is adapted for use as a common terrestrialglobe, by unscrewing the cog-wheel attached to the spindleat the south pole, and substituting the horizon and meri-dian, the former being screwed in the upright of thestand, the latter being placed upon the globe, the angularmotion given to which is designed for the better expla-nation of the changes of the seasons.

Mr. Stoker also exhibits a spherical geographical clock,to show the difference of time between two given placeswhose longitudes are known, and is intended to be ofmore general use than those ordinarily constructed.

Benti.ev (No. 213, p. 434) has exhibited a plain globe.The northern and southern hemispheres are printed oncircular pieces of card-board, each hemisphere movingunder a brass meridian, which confines it to its place, andaffords the same facility as an ordinary globe for workingproblems.

Faxon (No. 191, p. 431) has exhibited a lunarian, witha contrivance for showing the phases of the moon.

Marratt (No. 409, p. 454) exhibits a Bussell’s globe ofthe moon, mounted as originally sold, with movement inbrass for exhibiting the librations, &c,, in longitude andlatitude.

Good (No. 146, p. 428) exhibits a new method of illus-trating the effect of the earth’s diurnal motion upon theplane of a pendulum’s oscillation. It consists of one endof a radius arm, fixed in the centre of a globe; the otherend being adjustable in a vertical plane, and therefore toany latitude, is made to revolve so that its time of revolu-tion varies as the sine of latitude; the time of the revolu-tion of the globe being its measure.

Edkins and Son (No. 207, p. 433) have exhibited a pairof 18-inch globes. They are well finished.

Gilbert (No. 234, p. 435) 1ms exhibited a portablecelestial and terrestrial globe, made of tissue paper andinflated with air. The celestial globe is adapted chieflyfor the use of the lecture-room, and may be made of anyconvenient size. The terrestrial is 12 feet in circum-ference, and is inflated either by means of an air-pump orby simply raising it to and fro from the floor, by whichmeans it may be effectually filled in a few moments.These globes may be folded into a very small compass.

Rummer (Prussia, No. 194, p. 1058) has exhibited a ter-restrial globe in relief, 4 feet in diameter. The executionis excellent; not only have the elevations been attendedto with great care, hut also highlands of moderate eleva-tion, and the courses of rivers, have received the samedegree of attention. A Prize Medal was voted by theJury to M. Rummer for this globe.

Goodyear (United States , No. 378, p. 1461) exhibitsinflated globes two feet in diameter, of India -rubber orsilk, varnished with the former material. Also India -rubber maps.

Grosselin (France , No. 249, p. 1188) exhibits geo-ramas and uranoramas, to be used as lamp-shades: alsosome very good and distinct celestial globes, in which thefigures and constellation boundaries are neatly and pret-tily laid down, so as not to confine the representation ofthe stars.

Ziebermayer (Austria, No. 132, p. 1014) exhibits asmall terrestrial globe, enclosed in a glass sphere, onwhich the celestial sphere and stars, &c., are traced. Bymeans of mechanism the places of the sun and moonamong the stars are shown.

Biepl (Austria, No. 131, p. 1014) has exhibited a smallglobe of the moon, about 10 inches in diameter; the en-graving is of a sepia colour, somewhat faintly tinted, andof a seleno-topographical rather than a pictorial character.Some of the principal names are inserted. It is mountedon a brass pillar, with a horizontal circle showing lunarlongitudes, and a vertical one for latitudes; the Umaraxis is vertical.