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AW All DS—LEATHER: MOROCCO AND DYED SHEEP-SKINS.

[Class XYI,

found to adhere very firmly, and to bear considerabletension ■without fracture.

Many coloured pigments are mixed with the varnish,without materially altering its tenacity: by this meansthe most brilliant colours are produced, and the leatheris rendered more applicable for ornamental purposes.

The number of Exhibitors in this branch of the leathertrade is thirty-three, of whom nine are Germans , sevenFrench, four English , and thirteen from other countries.

Prize Medals are awarded to—

Courtois, E., 12 Faubourg Montmartre (1571,

France , p. 1252), for black and coloured varnished calfhides, brilliant on the surface, and well manufactured.

Deaddk, J., 18 Boulevard de Charonne (813, France ,p. 1219), fora large assortment of well-manufactured calfand cow hides, adapted for shoemakers and coach-manu-facturers.

Dixon and Whiting, Bermondsey, London (290, p.529), for an assortment of varnished and enamelled hidesand splits, adapted for coachmakers, &c. In this collec-tion the practicability of splitting three surfaces from onehide, is shown by the exhibition of the three parts sepa-rately tanned and varnished.

Doerr and Reinhard, Worms (33, Hesse, p. 1128),for a good assortment of varnished calf leather for shoe-makers.

Gautier, J., 4 Faubourg Montmartre, Paris (1244,France , p. 1237), for black and coloured varnished calfleather, on which the enamel is brilliant, and the leathersufficiently pliable.

IIeintz and Freudenberg, Baden (382, Prussia, p.1072), for black varnished calf leather, on which theenamel is strong and brilliant.

Heyl, C., Worms (32, Ilesse, p. 1127), for varnishedcalf leather of excellent quality.

IIouette, A. and Co., 4G line du Fer h, Moulin, Paris (1271, Frauce, p. 1238), for a superior assortment ofblack and coloured varnished calf leather.

Jorez, jun., Brussels (306, Belgium , p. 11G0), for awhite varnished hide of superior quality, and for well-manufactured curried leather.

Mayer, Michel, and Dexinger, Mayence (3G, Ilesse,p. U28), for japanned and varnished "hides, and calfleather, and for moroccos, roans, and skivers, dyed ingreat variety of colour. These Exhibitors also show cur-ried leather for harness, and other purposes. Each de-scription of leather has been well manufactured.

Nyset and Co., 132 Faubourg du Temple, Paris (1373,France , p. 1242), for black varnished calf leather, manu-factured very perfectly for boots and shoes. The varnishis brilliant, and sufficiently strong and elastic to bear thebend and strain to which it is liable.

Oastler and Palmer, Bermondsey, London (28G, p.529), for a large assortment of enamelled and varnishedleather for coachmakers, and for a very well tanned cropbutt.

The Jury make Honourable Mention of the followingExhibitors:—

Hall, Sydney, New South Wales (not in Catalogue),for enamelled kangaroo skins, manufactured for bootsand shoes.

Mayer, Igxaz Munich f46, Bavaria , p. 1100), for var-nished calf and very good enamelled coacli hides.

Mjnuprjo and IIohwiesxer (37, Ilesse, p. 1128), fornished calf and coloured japanned hide.

Both, C. W., Frankfort (9, p. 1122), for varnishedealfleather.

Vignaux, L. J., Barcelona (249a, Spain , p. 1344-45),for varnished calf leather, suitably manufactured forboots and shoes.

Morocco and Dyed Sheep-shin Leather, <§c.

Morocco ai.d dyed sheep-skin leathers are representedby thirty-one Exhibitors from Paris, London , Leeds,Mayence, Barcelona, Tunis, and Turkey . This descrip-tion of leather is tanned with the leaves of the sumachtree (lihus coriaria ), imported into this country from theisland of Sicily . Great excellence has been attained in

the manufacture, both in the brilliancy and variety ofcolours, especially when it is considered that neitherstrong acid, nor great heat, can be applied without dangerof destroying the fibre of the leather.

The specimens of morocco from Turkey, Tunis , andEgypt , show the manufacture in its origin, and no altera-tion appears to have taken place in the mode of dyeing,&c., since the period when western Europe was indebtedto them for this manufacture. The red morocco ofTurkey and Egypt is brilliant and permanent, and thoughwell suited for their particular use, is not adapted forgeneral consumption.

Bevingtons and Sons, Neckinger Mills, London (1, p.518), exhibit an assortment of morocco leather, enamelledseal skins, Cape sheep, kid, and gloving leather, and aseries of the materials used in tanning and leather-dress-ing, to illustrate the several modes of curing and tanningpractised in this country. They also exhibit skins inthe unmanufactured state, and a Macedonian lamb skindivided to show the natural laminations by which theepidermis, the rete mucosum, and cutis, are easily distin-guished.

The Jury award Prize Medals to the following Exhi-bitors :—

Bayvet Brothers and Co., 16 Rue Mauconseil, Paris (415, France , p. 518), for an assortment of morocco,roan, and ealfleather, finished with great regularity, andin a variety of beautiful colours. The cochineal red andthe various shades of green morocco, are remarkable forthe fulness of colour. The black morocco is also of goodquality.

Emmerich and Goerger, Strasbourg (1212, France , p.1235), for a good assortment of coloured and black mo-rocco, well dyed and manufactured.

Wilson, Walker, and Co., Leeds (11, p. 518), foravery large assortment of coloured sheep, morocco, andealfleather, well manufactured, and adapted, from theirprice, for general consumption.

The Jury make Honourable Mention of the followingExhibitors :—

David, C., 12 Rue Mauconseil (812, France , p. 1219),for a beautiful collection of dyed morocco, for book-binding.

Delisle and Co., Grenoble (1181, France , p. 1234),for specimens of sheep and morocco leather, printed inpermanent colours, for furniture, &c.

Deed, J. S., Little Newport Street, London (10, p.518), for a good assortment of morocco leather, for furni-ture and bookbinding.

East and Son, Bermondsey, London (34, p. 519), fordyed and embossed sheep leather, in imitation of Utrecht velvet. This appears to be a good appropriation of lea-ther which is imperfect in the grain, and is manufacturedwith skill and good taste.

George Clement, 102 Dean Street, Westminster (32,p. 519), for good specimens of morocco and Russian leather, adapted for furniture and bookbinding.

George, Joseph, SI Deau Street, Westminster (289,p. 529), for specimens of leather, beautifully gilded, em-bossed, and painted.

Giraud Brothers, Paris (850, France , p. 1220), fordyed morocco and sheep leather, in brilliant and perma-nent colours.

Lutwyciie and George, Skinner Street, London (53,p. 520), for well-manufactured morocco leather and dyedsheep-skin rugs.

Roeg, Salvador, Barcelona (2-J9b, Spain , p. 1345),for an assortment of morocco leather, dyed in a varietyof colours, for shoes; and for well-manufactured blackmorocco.

Abim and Gloving Leather.

Alum, or white, leather is manufactured principally forthe purposes of the glove-maker, and is represented inthe Exhibition by twenty contributors.

The common method of making this description ofleather is to immerse the prepared skin in a solution ofalum and salt, in equal proportions; but where elasticity