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A DISCOURSE

book xi. In short, upon reflexion of what we have hitherto said concerning theuniversal waste and destruction of timber-trees, where due regard is nottaken to propagate and supply them, whole countries have suffered aswell as particular provinces. Thus the Apennines are stripped of their.goodly Pine and Fir-trees, (which formerly the naturalist commends thosemountains for,) to that degree, as to render not only the city of Florence,"but Rome herself, so exposed to the nipping Tramontans, (for so they.call the northern winds,) that almost nothing which is rare and curiouswill thrive without hyemation and art; so as, even through the mostof those parts of Italy , on this side the kingdom of Naples, hankered bythe Alpestral hills, (clad, as they perpetually are, with snow,) they arefain to house and retire their Orange, Citron, and other delicate . andtender plants as we do in England. There remains yet one mountain-among the .Apennines , covered and crowned with Cyprefs, whereofsome are of a considerable stature. Nor is all this indeed so great-a wonder, if we find the entire species - of some trees totally lost incountries, as if there never had been any such planted or growing inthem. Be this applied to Fir and Pine , and several other trees, for want- of culture, several accidents in the soil, air, &c. which we daily findproduces strange alterations in our woods, the Beech almost constantlysucceeding the Oak, to our great disadvantage, whilst we neglect newseminations. Herodotus , speaking of the Palms plentifully growingabout Delos, says the whole species was utterly lost. More I might add

■ .-on this subject; but perhaps I have been too long on these remarks-

and long enough on cold Mount Libanus.

JUNIPER c .

1. Let it not seem unduly placed, if, after such giants, we bring thishumble shrub (such as abound with us being so reckoned) to claim

c The real and distinct species- of the juniper are:

1. JUN1PERUS ( communis ) foliis ternis patentibus mucronatis bacca Iongioribus.—Lin. Sp. Plant. 1470. Juniper with spreading sharp-painted haves placed by threes. Juniperus ■vulgaris fruticosa. C. B. P. 488. The common juniper.

Of the Common Juniper there are two sorts : 1. The English Juniper. 2 . The SwedishJuniper.

1. The -English Juniper, though • naturally of our own growth, is very little known in many

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