CONTENTS.

BOOK II.

THEORY AND PRACTICE OF ENGINEERING.

Chap. I.

Geology, different Strata; Water ; Tidal Currents;Rivers; Formation of Deltas ; Sand Banks ;Downs; Beach, &c. - 617

Chap. II.

Composition and Use of Minerals ; Mines; Strengthof Metals ; Coal Fields; Boring, &c.; CokeMaking, &c. ... - 643

Chap. III.

On Stone ; Sandstones ; Limestones ; Marbles ;

Granite; Resistance of Stone to the Crush 697Chap. IV.

Bricks and Tiles; their Manufacture and Va-riety - 708

Chap. V.

Mortars and Cements ; their Composition 717

Chap. VI.

Of Pise ; and manner of making - - 725

Chap. VII.

Tar ; Pitch ; Resin ; Glass - 728

Chap. VIII.

Geometry ; Shadows ; Sciography; Perspective ;Isometrical Perspective; Levelling and theInstruments used ; Compound Levelling; Drawingthe Section or Profile of a Country; Trigo-nometry ; Measuring Heights and Distances ;Piquets ; to draw the Map of a Country; Demi-circles ; Geometric Square ; Sector ; Astrolabe ;Compass and Magnetic Needle; Jacob’s Staff;Plane Tables ; Theodolite ; Surveying Cross ;Optical Square ; Prismatic Compass; Sextant ;Hadley’s Quadrant ; Barometer ; Chain and OffsetStaff; Gunter’s Chain ; Parish Surveying ; Sub-terranean Surveying; Maritime Surveying; TideGauges; Sounding; Trigonometrical Surveying;Signals and their Construction; Meridian Line ;Mensuration of Superficies, &c. ; Copying andmaking Plans ; to reduce Multilateral Figures toTriangles and Squares, &c. ; Mensuration ofSolids, &c. ----- 733

Chap. IX.

Valuation of Property 891

Chap. X.

Value of Artificers' work in Engineering; Ground-work ; Dredging; Fascine work and Fencing;Carpentry ; Masonry ; Bricklayers ’ work; Smiths’,Painters’, &c.; Tables of various measures,&c. &C..895

Chap. XI.

Mechanics. —Physical Properties of Matter; Me-chanical Labour of the Forces ; Centre of Gravity;Action of Bodies when placed over each other ;Equilibrium of an Inclined Plane ; the Wedge;the Screw ; the Lever ; the Steelyard ; the Pulley ;Wheel and Axle; Elementary parts of Machines ;Wheelwork; of the Plane Epicycloid; Teeth ofWheels, Construction of; Face Wheels; Strengthof Wheels ; Shafts and Axles, Proportion andStrength of; Journals; Gudgeons; Couplings;Universal Joints; Bayonet and other Clutches ;

Plumbers’Blocks; Friction Rollers; Changing ofMotion by several methods, and its application toa variety of Machines - 915

Chap. XII.

Machines , Tools, &c., employed by the Civil En-gineer : the Winch , the Gin , the Capstan, theCrab , the Jack, the Crane ; Tackle for hoistingWeights - - - - 997

Chap. XIII.

Carriages for transporting Weights , Boats , &c. ;Waggons, Trucks , Railway Carriages, BuffingApparatus ; Boats for the Transport of Stone, &c.;Machines for proving the Strength of Materials ,&c.; Making Screw Bolts; the Lathe ; DrillingMachines, Boring Machines, Machines forpunching Boiler Plates, &c.; Riveting Machines ;Shears for cutting Iron ; Slotting and KeyGrooving;- Screw Cutting; Cutting the Teethof Wheels; Planing Iron ; Forge Bellows;Hammers ; Block Machinery; Saw Mills ; HandMills ; Horse Mills ; Mills for grinding Corn ;Mortar and Cement Mills; Diving Bells ;Pontoons; Raising Vessels sunk at Sea ; theHedgehog ; Floating Clough ; Dredging; Arte-sian Wells ; Boring Instruments ; Machines formeasuring the Strength of Men and Animals ; theDynanometer - 1017

Chap. XIV.

On Piles ; Pile-driving, cutting off the heads, &c.;Pile Engine; Withdrawing Piles; Cutting offPiles; Steam Pile-driving - - 1071

Chap. XV.

Mechanical Agents, or the first movers of Machi­ nery ; Velocity with which a man moves; Dailylabour of a man, when moving a load on a Wheel-barrow ; when acting on pulleys; of a manpushing or drawing; Swiftness of men ; Usefuleffect of such moving power; Force developed ;Horse considered as a mover ; his tractive power ;Strength of, taken asadynamic unit; Observationon the daily labour of; the measure of thegreatest effect of an animated mover - 1087

Chap. XVI.

Hydrostatics —Level ofliquids and their equilibrium;On the vertical action of water; Against inclinedsurfaces ; Centres of impression ; Specific gravities,and Table of - - - 1096

Chap. XVII.

Theory qf the Motion of Fluids. —Measurement ofwater which flows through Tubes and Pipes;through rectilinear and vertical orifices ;through vertical and circular; through orificesunder pressure ; Of the communication of motionon Fluids when at rest; On the shock of Wateragainst plane Surfaces ; To find the velocity of acurrent; Motion of water in Conduit-pipes andCanals ; Quantity discharged by orifices of differentforms from vessels kept constantly full; Quantitydischarged over a weir; On the motion of waterin rivers; Smeaton ’s experiments relative to un-dershot Water-wheels ; Its dynamic effects ; Con-struction of Undershot wheels; Overshot wheels :Barker’s mill; Tide mills ; Breast wheels ; OfBodies plunged in water ; Equilibrium of float-ation ; Sinking bodies ; Fountain of Hero; Hy­ draulic ram; Siphon ram ; Suction ram ; Verra’s