Chap. III.

GRECIAN.

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discovered. The modern landing-place has extended farther into the sea, which is hereentirely landlocked towards the north. In the wall of the quay, facing the port, are workedup fragments of ancient statues.

|/i ANCIENT P0R V^CjLtJcAX^I.foot SOFT

The island of Cos gave birth to Apelles and Hippocrates , the members of whose schoolswere consulted by the inhabitants of all the neighbouring islands; the remains of an aque-duct which conveys water for a distance of three miles into the town, still bear the nameof the latter; the top has been destroyed, to allow the women of the island more readily toobtain it, which is excellent, as it flows from a mountain of limestone, of which this island,as well as the others in these seas, is composed.

Myndus. Here are the remains of a long stone jetty, built with two parallel walls,13 feet in width, connecting the island with the mainland; this ancient port is not fardistant from Halicarnassus , and a modern jetty now nearly shuts in the mouth of theharbour. The part which constituted the island is covered with walls, amid which are thetraces of ancient foundations. The Libs, or south-west wind, often commits great ravageson this coast, and renders navigation difficult.

Herodotus informs us that the first maritime power in these seas was obtained by Minos the Cnossian, who, according to Diodorus Siculus, established many cities in Crete , andfounded some equitable laws for the government of the inhabitants. With his fleet he con-quered all the islands in these seas, and was the first of the Greeks who acquired dominion;after which he arrived at a high pitch of glory by reason of his justice and valour, and diedin Sicily whilst carrying on a war against Cocalus. Thucydides observes, that this navalhero commanded the islands called Cyclades , expelled all the Carians from them, and sentcolonies under his own sons to supply their place. The Carians settled on the continent ofAsia, where Myndus was one of their chief ports. Pliny names several free cities near it,as Palaemyndus, Nariandus, Neapolis, Caryanda, Termera, and Iasus, in the gulf so called.Rhadamanthus, brother of Minos , also reported to have been the progeny of Jupiter and Eu-ropa, shared in the government of the islands above mentioned, and Chios became the seatof government soon afterwards under a son of Minos and Ariadne . The heros or captainsof this fleet had bestowed upon them either an island, or a port upon the continent; andDiodorus Siculus gives Lemnos to Thoas, Cyrnus to Engyeus, Peparethos to Pamphilus ,Maronea to Euambeus, Paros to Alc$us, Delos to Arrion, and Andros to a hero of thesame name. Neither the ships, nor ports which received them, are described by any ancientauthors in a manner to give us an idea of their form or adaptation.

Some of the paintings taken from the walls of the houses at Herculaneum and Pompeii ,show us the forms of the vessels, character of their landing places, and stupendous moles;but it has not been possible to identify these representations with what remains at any of theancient ports. Medals also exhibit the ships in use, but not in a manner to convey a veryclear idea of their figure.

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