Chap. VIII.

BRITAIN.

569

lias a depth of water at the sluice of 22 feet. Another reservoir at Kilsvth comprises50 acres, and has a depth of 24 feet.

The aqueduct at Kelvin is in length 429 feet, and in height above the stream 65 feet;a small junction canal has been cut opposite the river Cart, which unites the Forth andClyde with the river Clyde. The lock chambers are in length 68 feet in width, at thegates 15 feet, and in the centre 17 feet. The walls are curved and batter; the retaining

PLAN AND SECTION OF LOCK OP FORTH AND CART.

walls are in freestone, coped with whinstone; they were puddled at the back to a thicknessof 2 feet.

Fig. 551.

ELEVATION OF TAIL.

TRANSVERSE SECTION.

Foss Navigation commences near Newburgh Hall, 4 miles from Easingwold, and fallsinto the Ouse on the south side of the city of York.

Foss Dyke Navigation begins at Torksey on the Trent, and ends at Lincoln Highbridge ; it is level throughout. At Torksey is a double lock with gates pointed both wavs,for the purpose of damming up the Trent, and keeping out the flood waters. At theother end is another lock, for preventing the water of the Witham from entering duringthe time of floods. Torksey being the site of a Roman town, it is supposed that thiswork was a continuation of Caerdike, made by the Romans ; Domesday Book mentions theplace as important.

Glamorganshire Canal , sometimes called the Cardiff , from commencing near that townon the Taff, near the place where that river enters the Penarth harbour, which river itcrosses by an aqueduct, and terminates at Merthyr Tydvil.

GlasgoWy Paisley, and Ardrossan Canal, begins at Port Eglington, west of the town ofGlasgow , and terminates at Johnstone.

Glenkenns Canal runs from the Dee near Kirkcudbright , and terminates in Loch Ken,near Glenlochar bridge.

Gloucester and Berkeley Canal passes from the Severn, at Sharpness Point, and terminatesnear the city of Gloucester. This spacious ship-canal is level throughout, and capable offloating vessels of 400 tons burthen, there being at least 18 feet water. Near the outerharbour, in the Severn, is a breakwater.

An act of parliament was obtained for a ship-canal from the city of Gloucester to theopen estuary at Berkeley Pill, in the year 1793, and the works w r ere commenced under thedirection of Robert Mylne , the architect of Blackfriars bridge, when a basin and entrancelock was made at Gloucester, and about 8 miles of the canal on the low ground was com-