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THEORY AND PRACTICE OF ENGINEERING. Book II.
For placing a Square Metre : —
Hours cf a
Facing a wall of mod Ion laid dry
the same rough in mortar for walls
in vaults -
hammer dressed, joints in mortar
vaults and circular on plan
the moellon cut for straight walls
vaults and circular parts
Mason.0-50TOOJ -509 0010 001 TOO12 00
To repoint the joints carefully with mortar or cement, without scaffoldingWith scaffolding .......
The quantity of mortar used bears a proportion of about or at the most of thevolume of the masonry : as the mortar only fills the voids left by the stones, it does notaugment the volume ; the mortar or cement used for pointing may be estimated at from0-10 to 0'02 cube metres, per square metre of facing.
Brickwork. — The carriage of bricks may be estimated in the same way as moellon : thework requires more attention, and the labour is dearer.
It requires for a Cube Metre ,
For rough brickworkFor ditto, requiring scaffold
For the laying of faced Work) per Square Metre,
Rough brick, joints struck, without adjustment, mortar, lime, and sand -Vaults, &c. --------
- 1 -20
- 1 -80
Per square metre, pointing without scaffolding -Per square metre, pointing with scaffolding
Bricks are usually sold by the thousand-; the loss which they sustain in carriage isabout
The quantity of mortar used varies in different works.
Works in rough Stone. — Stones larger than rubble or moellon are used for filling in,where rivers are rapid ; they are also used to advantage in the lower beds of piers exe-cuted in moellon, and placed dry ; above all, in forming the foundations of walls, where atimber platform is not considered necessary : when these stones are used rough, andplaced without arrangement, the price is that of moellon, or a little more; when the facesare dressed, and each stone placed on wedges, the facing being plummed, the price approachesthat of worked stone.
With regard to carriage, if the stones are too large for a cart, waggons for the purposeare appointed, and the charge for transport depends upon the dimensions. The wastevaries between and \ cf the primitive volume, and the quantity of mortar between
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Stone squared, and laid in Courses. — The first operation is cutting the stone, payinggreat attention to the joints and beds, which is oftentimes neglected, and that of thefacings seen : the time required depends upon the nature and properties of the stone.The principal object is to face the stone, and the time necessary to execute a square metrebeing known, it may be used as a unit in the value of other work.
For squaring a Metre of upright facing,
Hours of aStone-cutter.- 28-009-003-50
Of granite
Calcareous stone, hard -
do. of another quality, soft
The granite and soft calcareous stone are the extremes of hardness and softness ofstone employed in hydraulic constructions.
These valuations suppose the faces only rusticated, that is to say, raised or worked withchisel, and dressed with the point and the hammer (matting hammer) if it be axed or cut
with the hammer on one side, and toothed on the other, then smoothed with the rip (a
scratching tool) and mallet, we must add another three-fourths. The time necessary forcutting straight facings being known, the labour of curved facings may be estimated thus: