Chap. XXXI.

PRINCIPLES OF PROPORTION.

I58S

Feet. In.

Half the height of the pediment is - - -42

entablature - - - - 11 4

Total height of superincumbent mass - - - 15 6

which is exactly one-half of 31 feet, the height of the columns; so that we have, as far asheight is concerned, J for the superincumbent mass or entablature, and § for the columnsand their intercolumniations.

The columns have their united diameters - - - 37

The intercolumniations ditto - - - - - 39

so that they are not in exact equality, although the difference is not considerable.

At Agrigentum are the remains of four Hexastyle Temples .—That of Juno L.ucina is withoutits cornice and pediment: the diameter of the columns is 4 feet 6 inches, and the entirewidth is 55 feet. The united diameter of the six columns is 26, and of the five intercolum-niations 29 feet.

The Temple of Concord is in width 57 feet, and in height 38 ; or it is comprised withina square and a half.

Feet. In.

The height of the columns is - - - 23 0

entablature ---80

pediment - - - 7 0

38 O

Feet. In

Half the height of the pediment is - - - - 3 6

The height of the entablature - - - -80

which is equal to half the height of the column - - 11 6

Thus one-third of the entire height is given to the entablature or mass supported. Theunited diameter of the columns is 28 feet, and that of the intercolumniations 29 feet, thelatter being a little in excess.

Temple of Hercules . — The total width is 84 feet, and height 56, which is a square and ahalf.

Feet. In.

The height of the columns is - - - - - S3 6

entablature - - - - 13 0

pediment - - - _ - 9 6

Making a total height of - - - - 56 0

The united diameter of the columns is 43 feet, and that of the intercolumniations 41 feet.The height of the entablature and half pediment is in this case 17 feet 9 inches, instead of16 feet 9 inches, as it should have been to have equalled half the height of the columns.

Temple of Castor and Pollux is imperfect, but the total width is 45 feet, of which thediameters of the six columns occupy 24 feet, and the intercolumniations 21. The height ofthe columns is about 20 feet, and that of the entablature 8 feet, as measured on the flank.This temple nearly agrees in width with the temple of Theseus at Athens, but its pro-portions vary ; there is not sufficient remaining to judge of its entire form.

At Selinus are the remains of five hexastyle temples. In one the total extent is 51 feet,of which the united diameters of the columns occupy 24, and that of the five inter-columniations 27 feet. The height of the entablature is about 11 feet, but that of thecolumns and pediments has not been yet ascertained.

The second temple is in width 77 feet 6 inches, the diameters of the columns occupying37 feet, and the five intercolumniations 40 feet 6 inches ; the height is 50 feet 8 inches, sothat the whole fayade is included in a parallelogram, having a height not quite equal totwo-thirds its extent, or a square and a half.

Ft. In.

The height of the columns is - - - - 29 4

entablature - - - - 13 4

pediment - - - - 8 0

In all

50 8

which is a foot less than the required height.

In this example there is not an exact correspondence between the columns and what theysupport: the entablature and pediment occupy 13, the intercolumniation 12, and the