120
Class 1.—MINING AND MINERAL PRODUCTS.South Side—Areas S. 1 to S. 27.
[United
Fossil fishes from the old red sandstone {Ceplialaspis).
[The fossil fishes found in certain parts of the old redsandstone formation are of considerable value in markingthe age of the deposit where the mineral character of thebeds is very different from that ordinarily recognised.The specimen above referred to will be found to showvery perfectly the general form of an animal so widelyand clearly distinct from that of common fishes, thatsome doubt may be felt as to the identification. Therelation has, however, been made out very satisfactorily,and several allied genera have been found in rocks ofsimilar ancient date.—D. T. A.]
2 Powell, William John, Tisbury, near Hindon,
Wilts —Proprietor.
Geological specimens :—A species of coral, from thesand of the upper oolite formation at Tisbury, found ina vein extending northward, and now converted into flintand chert. The hardest flints from this locality wereoriginally manufactured into gun flints.
[The town of Tisbury is on the Portland stone; butthe lower beds of the Purbeck series, as well as the up-permost oolites, are quarried in the neighbourhood. Acontinuous bed of flint, about two inches thick, is seenin one of the quarries, and from this band are obtainedbeautiful specimens of coral in chalcedony. Some of theoolite of the neighbourhood is very fine-grained.—D. T. A.] _
3 Carter, J., Delabole, near Camelford , Cornwall —
Proprietor.
Two specimens of rock crystal, taken from the slatequarries at Delabole, near Cornwall ; used for jewellery.
[The use of rock crystal in the arts is still very consider-able, as it is employed extensively in making spectacleglasses and for other optical purposes. It was formerlyused for cups and various ornaments, and many finelycut specimens are exhibited from India, China , &c. Thefinest and largest crystals are from Madagascar, Switzer-land , and North America.—D. T. A.]
4 Bonitto, J. Nelson; Balleras, G. E., of London ,
Exhibitors; and Paris , E.—Producer.
Specimens of emerald in the matrix from the mine ofMuso, New Granada.
[Emeralds of large size and perfect clearness are ex-tremely rare, and of great value, but found with flaws theyare not so uncommon. They occur chiefly near granitein Siberia, Sweden, and New Granada, and in Africa ,between Egypt and Ethiopia . The lightly colouredvarieties are called beryl, and are found in the East Indiesand Brazil . Emeralds have also been obtained fromvarious parts of France, Ireland, Saxony , the Tyrol, andConnecticut, in the United States. Emerald is harderthan quartz; its specific gravity is 2-73 (heavier thanberyl), and it is generally found crystallized in a prismaticform. It is a silicate of alumina and a rare earth calledglucina, coloured by chrome.—D. T. A.]
5 & 138 Lentaigne, John, Tallaght House,
A specimen of limestone inclosing granite.
Specimens of iron pyrites, from the great sulphur lode,Ballygahan mine, Wicklow; exported to Liverpool, &c.Sulphuret of copper, from same place. Sulphuret oflead, or galena; white carbonate of lead; sulphate ofbarytes, with crystals of phosphate of lead ; all fromGlenmolure mine, county Wicklow.
Native gold, and imitation of a large piece (found someyears ago), from the gold mines, county Wicklow.
Silver (the property of Mr. Donegan, Dublin ), from theIrish Mining Company’s lead mines.
Specimens of stratified breccia, composed of angularfragments of granite embedded in calx or impure lime-stone, and .of granite, from Crumlin quarry, near Tal-laght, county Dublin .
Sulphuret of lead, from Killing mine, county Dublin ;from Clontarf mine; from Lyrus, county Kildare; andother counties. Black oxide and other copper ores fromBallystein, county Limerick . Sulphurets of lead andcopper, in fluate of lime, from Inveran, near Galway .Peacock copper ore, from Killarney mines. Oxide ofmanganese, from Glandore, county Cork . Bog iron ore,from Howth, county Dublin . Crystals of quartz, weigh-ing 84 lbs., from Donegal .
[The iron pyrites of Wicklow is used in the chemicalworks of St. Helen’s, and other places near Liverpool, forvarious processes where sulphur is required. It contains,when pure, iron 46 - 67, sulphur 53'33.
This material is associated with the copper ores ofWicklow, and occurs in a vein traversing the copperlodes in a north-eastern and south-western direction. Itis found at the surface, and is raised in large quantities,down to the depth of 50 feet, the lode varying in widthfrom 4 to 36 feet.
The native gold of Wicklow is remarkable for the com-paratively large quantities in which it has been found.Some of the lumps weighed from 18 to 22 ounces, and945 ounces were collected during some operations carriedon by Government some years ago. The gold is asso-ciated with iron and quartz, in a bed of detritus varyingfrom 20 to 50 feet deep.
Considerable quantities of silver, as .well as gold, havebeen found in Ireland at various periods in the history ofthe country.—D. T. A.]
6 --
Block of carboniferous limestone containing shells ofProductus. >
7 Breadalbane, Marquis of, Taymouth, Aberfeldy,
Perth —Producer.
Specimens from the silver-lead mine of Corriebuie, onthe south side of Loch Tay, Perthshire.
Specimens from the lead mines of Tyndrum, Perthshire.
Chromate of iron, from the mine of Con-iecharmaig, inGlenlochy, Perthshire.
Hsematitic iron, from Glenquaich, Perthshire.
Rutile, or oxide of titanium, from the north side ofLoch Tay, Perthshire.
Brown quartz, from Ben-Lawers, north side of LochTay, Perthshire.
Granite and porphyry, from the forest of Glenorchyin Argyllshire. J ’
Granite , from the quarries of Barrs and Inverliver onLoch Etive, Argyllshire. ’
[The mineral produce of Perthshire, illustrated above, isobtained from systems of veins, some of which, runningN. W. and S.W., contain copper ores of various kinds, withsome ores of iron; and others, running N.N.E. and S.S.W.,contain chiefly lead ore. The veinstone is generally quartz,and the ores include several interesting minerals.—D. T. A.]
8 Leeson, Dr. H. B., Greenwich —Inventor.
. Models, crystalline minerals, and engravings; illustra-tive of the exhibitor’s system of crystallography.
The following are the principles upon which thesemodels have been constructed:—
When the atoms of any description of matter havearranged themselves through the intervention of certainnatural forces, in a form characterized by the evidentorder and angular disposition of its bounding surfaces,such solid form is termed a crystal.