Kingdom.]
Class 2.— CHEMICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS.South Gallery.
195
tartarea, Variolaris lactea, and V. dealbata, have been espe-cially resorted to. These lichens are found on rocks onthe sea-coast. The modes of treating them for the manu-facture of the different dyes is the same in principle,though varying slightly in detail.’ They are carefullycleaned, and ground into a pulp with water, an ammoniacalliquor is from time to time added, and the mass constantlystirred, in order to expose it as much as possible to theaction of the air. Peculiar substances existing in theseplants are, during this process, so changed by the com-bined action of the atmosphere, water, and ammonia, asto generate the colouring matter, which, when perfect, ispressed out, and gypsum, chalk, or other substances arethen added, so as to give it the desired consistency; theyare then prepared for the market under the forms nowexhibited. —E. F.]
27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, & 34. Ground lac-dye,—X, 00, 0, A (medium quality), D (medium quality), G(good quality), H (fine quality), and I (finest quality).
35. Essence of lac-dye.
[The lac-dyes are prepared by extracting the peculiarcolouring matter of the “stick-lac” of commerce. Thislatter is a resinoid substance, the result of a secretion ofseveral different plants—the Ficus Indica , F, religiosa,Croton lacciferum, and others—occasioned by the punc-tures of a small insect (the Coccus ficus ) made for thepurpose of depositing its ova. The branches becomeencrusted with a reddish-coloured concretion, whichconsists of the inspissated juice of the plant, imbued witha peculiar colouring matter derived from-the insect.The preparation of them is usually carried out in India ,the remaining substances, seed-lac and shell-lac, beingalso articles of commerce. The colouring matter, or dye,is extensively used as a substitute for cochineal.—E. F.]
36. Ground Bengal turmeric.
[Prepared from the roots of the Curcuma longa. Usedas a dye, and also as a condiment. —E. F.j
Specimens of 36 kinds of European and native manu-facture of lac-dye in India .
69 Lee, Charles, 119 Lower Thames Street , City —Importer.
Newly-invented black dyeing material, for dyeing silk.
70 Davies, John, Cross Street, King Street, Manchester—Inventor and Manufacturer.
Preserved size, clear and strong, for any climate; suit-able for carvers and builders, bonnet-makers, paper-hangers, and varnishers.
71 Lamplough, Henry, 88 Snow Hill —Inventorand Proprietor.
1. Socotrine Aloes, obtained from Aloes perfoliata.
2. Common Aloes, from Aloes Barbadensis.
3. Smyrna Opium, from Papaver Somniferum . Nat.Ord.—P apaveracse.
4. Myrrh , from Balsamodendron Myrrha. Nat. Ord.—Burseracesc.
5. Russian Castor, from Castor Feber. Class.—Mam-malia. Order,—Rodentia.
6. Aleppo Scammony, from Convolvulus Scammonia.Nat. Ord.—Convolvulacte.
7. Brown Annulated Ipecacuanha, from CephaelisIpecacuanha. Nat. Ord.—Cinchonacese.
8. Red Annulated Ipecacuanha.
11. Chinese or Indian Rhubarb.
12. Russian Rhubarb.
Residua] salts from the destructive decomposition ofanimal substances. Specimens of chlorophospate of soda
and potash; of effervescing salts; of crystals ofprussiateof potash; and of sulphate of iron.
Specimen of Prussian blue.
72 Coulson, Jukes, & Co., 12 Clements Lane ,Lombard Street —Proprietors.
Mineral substances used for the manufacture of paint;in their natural state, and pulverized.
73 Peacock, George, Southampton Docks —Inventor.
New description of metallic paint or composition, named
“Anti-Sargassian,” for protecting the bottoms of ships,&c., from the attack of the “Teredo-navalis ;” preservingiron and copper sheathing from wear or fouling, and pre-venting wood from decay, with specimens of iron, wood,and copper, in the protected and unprotected state.
[Those substances which prevent the decay of wood bychemical means, are generally such as combine with itsnitrogenous principles, and in such a manner as to pre-vent or retard those principles from undergoing putrefac-tive change. Experience has fully proved the fact thatthe ordinary duration of unprepared wood exposed tocauses of decomposition varies with different kinds, butthat decay ultimately takes place in all. By the satura-tion of timber with different fluids, it is possible to avertor defer considerably these changes, and to communicateto the wood a durability far exceeding that originallypossessed by it.—R. E.]
74 Stephens, Henry, 54 Lower Stamford Street,
Blackfriars —Inventor and Proprietor.
Samples of wood stained by the colour manufacturedby the exhibitor, intended to show that deal or otherwoods may be ornamented, and the beauty of the naturalgraining exhibited to the best effect, thus saving the ex-pense of painting and graining.
75 Hayes, P., & Co., Salford —Manufacturers.
Rosin in the raw state. Spirits extracted from rosin,used for making varnish. Refined rosin oil, for coarsemachinery, ships’ masts, &c. Common rosin oil, fortramways, &c.
Pine tallow, manufactured from rosin, for railways.Pitch. Rosin acid. Pine varnish made from rosin, furvessels.
76 Duncan, William L., Sydenham, Kent —Inventor and Producer.
Cotton waste, used for cleansing purposes by railwayand steam navigation engineers, &c.
Sample, in its dirty state, after having been used forrailway purposes.
Cotton waste after a cleansing process, by which it isagain reclaimed to its original value and usefulness.
77 Mason, Mrs. Betsey, 38 Doughty Street, MecklcnburghSquare —Inventor.
Pooloo’s Chinese cement, for repairing china, glass,porcelain, marble, all kinds of wood, jewellery, musicalinstruments, furniture, and metals; useful to the manu-facturer of and dealer in all goods, in the construction ofwhich an adhesive composition is employed, especiallyfor their repair. It is impervious to warm or cold water,and will resist the effects of intense heat. It also pos-sesses the advantage of being perfectly clean, and freefrom any unpleasant smell.
Specimens of articles repaired by the cement.
[The cement commonly used for joining bioken chinaand glass is composed of isinglass soaked in water till itis soft and then dissolved in alcohol; to this is added alittle solution of gum resin, ammoniac, or galbauum andresin mastic, also in alcohol. When applied, it hae to begently heated to liquily it. D. 1. A.]