Kingdom.]
Class 2—CHEMICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS.South Gallery.
197
[The plan commonly practised for preparing herbs isas follows:—The herb collectors in the country put bothstalks and leaves of the medicinal plants in bunches todry on kilns. These bunches are afterwards hung up inthe herbalists’ shops, and exposed to the decomposingeffects of light and of the atmosphere.
The present plan is to reject all the stalks and deadleaves of the plants, to collect them fresh, and dry themimmediately in a room heated with currents of pure air,and preserve them in glass or tin vessels free from theaccess of light and air. They will keep thus for an in-definite period of time.—R. E.]
91 Truman, Hanbury, & Buxton, 174 Brick Lane,
Spitalfields —Producers. . .
Malt and hops of various qualities, exhibited m theproportions used in brewing one gallon of porter and onegallon of ale, of medium strength.
[Some conception of the quantity of hops annually pro-duced in Great Britain, principally in Kent, Sussex, "VVor-cester, and Hereford, may be obtained from the fact thatin 1842, the duty (2d. per lb.), amounted to 260,978£.The plant belongs to the same natural family as hemp,Camabinacem. Its botanical name is Ihmulus lupulus.
Of malt, the year 1842 produced in England and Wales ,alone, nearly 31 , 000,000 bushels, the duty on whichamounted to 4,176,742£.—R. E.]
92 Godfrey & Cooke, 31 Southampton Street, Corent
Garden, and 30 Conduit Street —Manufacturers.
Carmine, the colouring matter of cochineal (Coccuscacti). Lake, from cochineal, soluble in alkalies and am-monia. Oxide of bismuth. Carbonate of ammonia, thebasis of smelling salts, spirit of sal volatile, &c. Oil ofamber. Salt of amber. Artificial musk, and tincture ofartificial musk. Watchmakers’ oil, for fine machinery.Spirit of sal volatile. Essence of ambergris. Tincture ofmyrrh, and sundry drugs and chemicals.
[The beautiful pigment, Carmine, is a result of the pre-cipitation of an infusion of the cochineal insect ( Coccuscacti) in water, by means of alum. The carmine of com-merce is so costly an article, that it is seldom to be metwith in a state of purity. Pure carmine dissolves in am-monia. It is said, by some manufacturers, that a brightand clear state of the atmosphere is necessary to the pre-paration of carmine of the most brilliant colour.—R. E.]
93 Squire, Peter, 277 Oxford Street —Inventor and
Manufacturer.
A variety of pharmaceutical extracts and preservedjuices of medicinal plants. Liquor of taraxacum (dan-delion). Solution of bi-ineconate of morphia. Fluid ex-tract of Jamaica sarsaparilla. Cod-liver oil. Red roseleaves (dried without heat). Fine crystals of red ferro-prussiate of potash. Large perfect crystals of yellowferro-prussiate of potash.
[Pharmaceutical extracts were, for a considerable period,the most fallacious of all medicinal preparations. Thehigh temperature to which they were subjected in themanufacture destroyed the active principle sought to beconcentrated. Of late they have been prepared, in someinstances, by evaporation in the cold; a current of airbeing driven over the surface of the liquid. They areMso safely obtainable by using an apparatus similar tothat employed in the sugar manufacture.—R. E.]
A chloroform and ether inhaler. An apparatus forpreparing infusions.
94 Smith, T. & H., 21 Duke Street, Edinburgh , and 69 Cole-
man Street —Inventors and Manufacturers.
Specimens of aloine, the cathartic principle of thealoes, discovered by the exhibitors in 1850; of gallic
acid, in crystals; of crystallized mannite, extracted fromdandelion root; of crystallized mannite, extracted frommonkshood root, also discovered by the exhibitors in1850 ; and of cantharidine, in crystals, the blisteringprinciple of the Spanish fly, one part being equal to 400parts of the powder of Spanish flies.
95 Bass, James, 81 Hatton Garden —Inventor.Specimens of concentrated medicinal infusions and
decoctions, intended to obviate the inconveniences con-nected with infusions and decoctions as usually prepared.
[The infusions of medicinal substances prepared in theordinary way are extremely liable to decomposition, andsoon become covered with fungi. The concentration ofsuch infusions in a form in which they can be preservedfor some time is consequently of importance. The prepa-rations are used medicinally by dilution with water;the infusions in their concentrated form preserving adegree of strength above that which it is advisable toadopt for medicines in their administration.—R. E.]
96 McCulloch, Charles, Covent Garden Market—
Producer.
English and American herbs and roots.
97 Tustian, J., Melcombe, near Banbury —
Manufacturer.
Petals of the red rose. Confection of the red rose.Extract of henbane.
98 Tustian & Usher, Melcombe, near Banbury —
Manufacturers.
English rhubarb, trimmed and untrimmed, and inpowder.
[Many attempts have been made to cultivate in Europe the rhubarb plant for the sake of its medicinal roots. InFrance , more especially, a place called Rheumpoli hasbeen the scene of a great experiment in this culture; andin the like manner Banbury, in Oxfordshire , has longbeen celebrated in the source of English supply. Allthese European rhubarbs have been found very inferiorto that imported from Asia, the natural country of thedrug.— J. L.] _
99 Jennings, H. C., 97 Leadenhall Street —Producer.Starch, gums, and vegetable wax, from potato and
wheat starch.
100 Hopwood, Henry, Richmnd , Surrey —Proprietor.Sugar of milk, crystallized in the usual manner; and
crystallized at a temperature of 120° Fahrenheit, in thedark.
101 Tennant, M. B., Brighton —Producer.
A chemical production for labels or artists’ designs, aproduct of a silvery hue to be thrown over drawings ofevery description by means of chemical agency said to behitherto unknown.
102 Keating, Thomas, 79 St Paul's Churchyard —Importer.
Kuosso, from Abyssinia (Brayera anthelmintica ).—Theblossom of a tree 20 feet high, the native remedy somuch esteemed for the removal of tape worm.—Dis-covered by Dr. Brayer.
Sarsaparilla, from Paraguay (Smilax Papyraceo ).—Thefinest species of sarsaparilla known. The product ofwhich has been found t.o possess valuable medicinal pro-perties, especially in its direct efficacy on the system, mthe cure of a number of chronic complaints. Introducedby Dr. H. Scott. .
Radix Jalapae and Croci in Fceno, from Asia Minor. -—Exhibited as the first medicinal products of these speciesimported from that country.
Matico.—The new medicinal styptic, and vegetableastringent; efficacious in the suppression of haemorrhagefrom wounds, leech bites, dysentery, diarrhoea, and the