Kingdom.]

Class 6—MANUFACTURING MACHINES AND TOOLS.

Nobth Aekas A. B. 10 to 31; C. D. E. 1 to 10, & 19 to 33 ; G. H. 25, 26.

277

sets of elastic brushes, c, c (in any way that may he deemedMost advisable). . The cylinders are also made to revolveinwardly or in opposite directions, and the rows of brushesa nd heckles on the one cylinder are placed in an alter-nating order in regard to those of the other cylinder, asbefore described. There are also loose stripping bars'with guards, that, besides regulating the depth to whichthe heckles or brushes shall penetrate, doff or throwdown the tow from the brushes and heckles, and twosmaller cylinders, 2 b !> 2 , fitted with brushes for cleaning theWorking brushes and heckles c, c'.

Fig. 8.

oseT 6 c yli n| I e i' s ! &*> may, if required, be made to

f a il nte by means of the link A 1 , A 1 , which, as it rises andc i? with the lifter to which it is attached, moves thein a horizontal direction to and from the othermal 61 ’ the bearings of the oscillating cylinder beingWhi s ^ e > and attached by a rod to the radius arm toWh ° l stTl( l pin of the wheel m 1 is fixed, the whole of thet]j e ee * s > l 1 , m x , and jj 1 , are thus kept in gear, to answeris ,,T ar D n g' position of the oscillating cylinder. Rotation°ne fi Ven t0 tlle rotat ing parts of this machine as in thehiov c* ^ esci 'ibed, but the holder is made to traverse orbe 6 nwward in the trough (which movement may alsoof a PPhed to the brushing machine) bjr the combinationthoti bel1 cran k movement with the rising and fallingblech 11 -° f the trough, as afterwards described. Thea nd c ani ? m ^ or lifting the trough A, is shown in fig. 8,n, cm>! ns ^i ,s °f a combination of pinions It 1 A 3 , wheels m,OrdijL 1 straps o, pulleys q, and levers r, s, such as istV h "ly used in heckling machines, and well known.c °OaefM trough is raised, it pushes up a rod *, which isop a te( l to the long arm of the bell crank y, mountedwhen stan dard affixed to the top of the frame-work o,of ^ a weight W, which is attached to the opposite end.bell or a 'i ni ’ over > an( l causes the short arm of thefing er | ' 1C 1:0 Pull in a rod z 1 , which draws forward aSu fficien? 1 ' X ^ t ^ le ordinary construction) to an extentheckl e » * advance the holder the breadth of one set ofthrown “rushes. The tow and shive or dirt doffed orreceived ° Vn ^rom the heckles or brushes is in this casetbclin e( p u l 50 b an endless chain of bars t, t (instead of theSeribedV gating represented in the machine first de-1 hachiner? F !? 1C ^ 1 ^ ar s extend the whole length of thetogether i er the heckles and brushes, and are connectedre Volv es ^ two side bands t 2 , t 2 . The chain of barstwo pini 0 r ° un< t two friction pulleys e, v, and takes inpinions rot* 8 *-*’ U .( on ? 011 eac h side); by means of which(cover by & v\' s S* ven to the chain from the same firstJb moti 0 i th_ e other parts of the machine are put

oaris 0IJ • t he shive or dirt falls through between theoV e top 0 r + ? e “ 00r > while the tow is carried forward on, o separate aars ’ and delivered into the trough T 1 .blushes the tbe tow doffed from each set of heckles or’ space between the endless chain of bars and

the cylinders is divided by partitions a a , a a , fig. l, intoas many compartments as there are sets of heckles orbrushes; and the receiving trough T, is also divided intoa corresponding number of compartments.

A view of the holder, for this machine, is given infig. 5, a cross section, and fig. 6, a longitudinal section.It consists of two plates, Nos 1 and 2, connectedtransversely by a screw bolt S, and having flanges A Aat their upper edges, by means of which they are sup-ported in the trough h. The plate No. 2 has two flangesB, B, one on each end, which come within the flangesA, A, of the plate No. 1, and thereby confine the streakat the edges. The inner face of the plate No. 2 isplaned perfectly true, and covered with felt, cloth, orsome other soft or yielding material; hut the plate No. 1is made on its inner face with flat beads C, and flatgrooves D, in alternate order, so that the streak of flaxor other material may be the more firmly compressedbetween the plates without being unduly crimped. Attheir under edges E, the plates are chamfered off toadmit of the holder coming lower down. By this modeof construction, the pins or studs ordinarily made use ofto confine the outer edges of the streaks, are dispensedwith, and a greater breadth is obtained whereon to spreadthe streaks, and the holder is also narrowed and renderedmore easy to work.

Raw materials in illustration:—English flax seed. Flaxstraw from Northumberland and Durham ; and flax fibreand dressed line. Russian, Irish, and New Zealand flax,as imported, and when rescutched; also Russian hemprescutched.

Manufactures in illustration :—Yarn, from flax dressedby the patent heckling machine ; and canvas woven fromthe same. Yarns, spun on Peter Fairbaim and Co.’s(Leeds ) new patent long line, rotatory gill, spinningframe; and canvas made from these yarns.

7 5 Lawson, Samuel, and Sons, Leeds —Inventorsand Manufacturers.

Patent heckling machine for long flax.

Spiral flax-spreader for long flax. The patent spiralor screw-gill frame was invented by Samuel Lawson andW. K. Westley in 1833. The spiral gill machine is adaptedfor drawing flax, tow, hemp, and silk waste. The sheetspreader or table was invented and used by Mr. Westley,at Hunslet Mill, near Leeds , in 1821. This simple con-trivance was a great boon to the poor females employedin spreading flax, for by its assistance they can either sitor stand in a comfortable position; whereas, on the oldplan, or long-board spreading, one girl was obliged towalk at least from 20 to 30 miles per day, in an inclinedposition, to spread one-tenth of the flax which she noweffects in a sitting posture.

Spiral or screw-gill second drawing-frame for long flax.

Spiral or screw-gill roving-frame for long flax, withan improved spindle-steadier.

Circular iron tow-card, clothed with patent ironclothing made by Birkby.

Patent double-screw tow drawing-frame.

Patent roving-frame, with improved spindle-steadier.

Tow spinning-frame, for dry spinning, with improvedtension-pulley, for driving spindles which are always keptup to their speed.

Flax-cutter.

Pair of patent cylinder heckling machines for cut flax.

Spiral spreader for cut flax.

Spiral second drawing-frame for cut flax.

Patent spiral sliver roving-frame for cut flax, inventedby W. K. Westley.

Spinning frame for fine Nos. of yarn, with improvedplan of driving the spindles, calculated for spinning thesliver rove.

Twisting-frame for making thread, with improved planof driving the spindles.

[Common flax is the delicate tenacious fibre surround-ing the stems of the L iuiem v.sitod iss a plant which is

extensively cultivated in different parts of the world, notonly for the sake of its fibre, hut also for its seed (linseed),