352 Class 8.—NAVAL ARCHITECTURE, MILITARY ENGINEERING , [United

West End Gallery and South-West Gallery,

tang (7».) (7».) Iron tang, (i.) Iron tang welded to

blade ( g .) (k) Forging of blade completed. (1.) Blade

hardened. (m.) Blade tempered. ( n) Blade ground,(o.) Blade polished, (p.) Blade embossed and finished.( q .) Sword hilts, scabbards, &c., in various stages ofmanufacture.

[The weapon so long celebrated under the name ofAndrea Ferrara was an excellent description of broad-sword used chiefly in Scotland . This name is foundengraved on all the Scottish broadswords considered ofpeculiar excellence. The name and the works of thiscelebrated maker form the sole record of his existence.His manufactory, and even the period when he flourished,are buried in oblivion. It has been supposed he was aSpanish or Italian artificer, brought over by James IV. or James V. , to instruct the Scots in the manufacture ofsword-blades. When genuine, the blades were alwaysmarked with a crown.

The material for swords is obtained from Sheffield, inthe form of a piece of steel sufficient for two swords, andtechnically called a “ mould.” This is first beaten out tothe proper length by the forger; it is then hardened andtempered by alternate heating and dipping in cold water;after this the blade is ground by a millstone driven bysteam-power. The blade is subsequently proved bystriking it on the flat side, with all the force of a powerfulman, against a stone, and in other ways. The sword isthen polished, ornamented, and mounted.—W. C. A.]

201 Jennings & Co., 56 Conduit Street —Manufacturers.Specimens of military officers’ cap-plates, breast-plates,

and buttons ; and naval, fancy, and livery buttons.

202 Allen, W. D., & Co., 124 New Bond Street —

Inventors and Manufacturers.

A new ventilating hat; the ventilation is in the lowercrown. For hot climates it allows a current of air be-tween the sun and head. For cold climates, it acts as aventilator without exposing the head to the weather.

203 Witton, Daw, & Co., 57 Theadneedle Street —

Manufacturers.

Double rifle, for India . Two-ounce rifle, for Africa.Double fowling-piece. Duelling pistols.

204 Landon & Morland, 17 Jennyn Street, St. James’s

—Designers and Inventors.

New officers’ infantry helmet, manufactured of papiermachd. This helmet is shown in the adjoining out.

Landon and Morland’s new Iutantry Helmet.

Privates’ helmets.

205 Hawker, Col. Peter, Longparish House, near ■

Whitchurch, Hants —Inventor.

A stanchion gun, with improved waterproof ignition!forged and stocked on a new principle : intended to supe r "sede patent breechings.

Model of a two-handed punt, containing double star'chion gun, gear, &c., for wild-fowl shooting, and morrtrdon the carriage to convey it by land.

Model of a two-handed punt for a single gun.

A new double gun (1851). The novelty of this g unis the self-adjusting primers, without cover or spring’that will not only defy wet weather, but also the salw®atmosphere in sea-coast service—in which he has provedthe failure of all copper-caps and fine powder. This netfgun has conical breechings that will admit, when re-quired—as in wet weather, or at sea—the use of thelargest grain cannon-powder. The proportions of th lSgun are the result of forty years’ experience. With thimproved ignition—when applied to a single gun,—th epatent breeching is wholly superseded by a saucer-ph 1 ®’that gives a direct and instantaneous communication, 8°also extra force, by getting rid of the centre-hole—whinis as injurious to the shooting of a detonator as it tf®advantageous to that of a flint-gun. Agents for doubleguns on the new plan, William Moore and Grey, 1Edgware Road. For duck-guns and other single gu nS !Alfred Clayton, Lymington, Hants , who has inventsand registered an improved handle for the primers of tinignition.

206 Brazier, J. & R., Wolverhampton —Manufacturers*

Specimens of gun manufacture.

Double gun-tube locks, with self-acting tube sprit 1 ®’double gun-bar actions.

[The manufacture of guns supplies a recent illustrate 9of the division of labour, and to this, no doubt, is attfl'butable the present reduction of price in those artid e f'The sphere of usefulness in which the forger moves lSa limited one, and consists in hammering into shaP®’assisted by “ swages,” the numerous small pieces wlu c ^make up the lock and breech: even this has been repla ce ^by the introduction of butt plates and guards, cast out omalleable iron, which are, in many instances, grouf ’instead of being filed.—W. C. A.]

Double rifle-locks, bolt anddetant; the same arti°^in forged state. Musket percussion-locks. Gun clea „ing-rod ; loading-rod, and nipple-keys and knife-keys,with apparatus. Patch-cutters, &c.

207 Potts, Thomas Henry, Haydon Square, Min° T ' eSInventor and Manufacturer. j

1. A double-barrel gun (finished), with inipi'° vebreeches, bolted triggers, &c.

2. Similar gun, in a bright (unfinished) state.

3. An instrument for drawing the breeches, appl ,cto all sorts of fire-arms.

208 Cox, N. F., Greed Peter Street, Westminster

Manufacturer.

Fencing implements.

209 Moore & Grey, 78 Edgeware Boad — Manufa cture ^ rDouble fowling-pieces, on the spring tube and

cap principles. Double and single two-grooved ru* ’the copper cap principle. Two-grooved rifle pistols*

210 Powell, Robert, 28 Poland Street, Oxford 8tre e

n . „ . . Designer. , pr jng

Design for a military cloak coat, with sleeves anu rguards, for protecting the epaulettes.

211 Firmin & Sons, 153 Strand , and 13 Conduit Str

Bond Street —Manufacturers. . of

Specimens of buttons worn by military 0 | U ttoU s ’livery buttons; and of different club and uniform