AUSTRIA.
1007
[The ores of cobalt and nickel have only recently beenobtained on a large scale in Hungary , the mines havingonly been in -work for a few years. Roth these valuablemetals are yielded freely by the ores, which promise tobecome of considerable commercial interest when thisdepartment of industry becomes fully developed.]
5 ICochheister, Friedrich, Pesth , Hungary —
Proprietor.
Two kinds of spongy nickel from Hungarian ores •, redand black oxide of cobalt. The varieties contain 97 and98 per cent, of the pure metal, free from arsenic, and arewell adapted for the manufacture of G-erman silver.
6 Safy, Alexander (Manager of the Philippi Jacobi
Samples of nickel ores.
[The metallic wealth of Hungary has as yet beenscarcely revealed. The extensive mineral deposits of thecountry have hitherto been worked chiefly by the state,and little opportunity has consequently arisen for com-mercial enterprise. It appears probable that ultimatelythe advantages of this mode of developing the resourcesof the country will be more fully perceived and appre-ciated.—R. E.]
7. Zemberg Mine, Hobschau , Hungary .
Ore .of cobalt, and nickel.
Elower of cobalt, and nickel.
8 Kengyel, Johann (Manager of the Johannes Mine),
[The annual produce of this mine is estimated at from300 to 350 cwts.]
9 Batka, Wenzel, Prague ^ Bohemia —Manufacturer.Bohemian mineral produce. Ores of uranium, nickel,
vanadium, and cobalt. Oxide of iron, and various minerals.
[Uranium is a very rare metal, and occurs principallyin two minerals, uranite and pitcli-blende. Its oxides areused with success for enamel painting, and produce alsoa beautiful tint when employed in small quantities forcolouring glass. Vanadium is a metal still more rarethan the preceding, occurring in minute quantities inseveral iron ores. Cobalt is used extensively in the arts;and the beautiful blue colour communicated by it to glass,in the pigment called smalt, is well known.—E. E.]
10 Szego, SiGiSiiTTND (Manager of the Michaelis Mine),
Antimony, and antimony ores.
11 Geiszberger, Franz (the Francis Smelting-works),
Regulus of antimony.
12 Szolltjsz, Carl (Biserto Smelting-works),
Regulus of antimony.
13 Volderauer, George, Salzburg —Proprietor.Specimen of arsenic ore.
M liite and yellow arsenical glass.
14 Hociiberger, Johann (St. Procopi Chemical
Works), Kahr } Bohemia —Proprietor.
Sulphate of iron.
Alum and sulphur.
[Sulphur is obtained in Austria in constantly in-creasing quantities; latterly, however, the consumptionhas become greater than the production, and, conse-quently, the imports of this article, so much required for
chemical purposes, have exceeded the exports. A largequantity of alum is also manufactured in Hungary, Bo-hemia, Styria , and Silesia. Of alum, 39,113 cwt., whereof15,371 cwt. were the production of Hungary , 14,750 cwt.of Bohemia, 5,000 cwt. of Styria , and 2,887 cwt. ofMoravia and Silesia. The supply thus furnished of thoseproducts does not only cover the entire demand for themfrom the interior, but a surplus remains for exporta-tion.
On an annual average 3,674* cwt. of alum, and 1,338cwt. of the various kinds of vitriol, were imported fromabroad; whilst the exports for the like term were 5,681cwt. of alum, and 12,4*92 cwt. of vitriol.
Alum and sulphuric acid are so largely used in the artsas to form important articles of commerce in all countries.
—R. E.]
15 Schonborn, Erwein, Count yon, Hlazlcowic y
Bohemia —Proprietor.
Rough Bohemian garnets {Pgr ope).
16 Prince Ferdinand von Lobkowitz, Duke of
Raudnitz , Bilin , Bohemia —Proprietor.
Rough cut and pierced Bohemian garnets {Pgrope).
[The garnets of Bohemia have long enjoyed a reputationlittle inferior to the celebrated stones of the East. Tlicirbrilliancy and colour render them extremely valuableas articles of commerce and for ornamental uses. Theyoccur chiefly in the neighbourhoods of Swietlau andDlaschkowitz. Garnet is chemically an anhydrous silicateof lime and of alumina. Those exhibited have a beautifulred colour. Rough garnets are sold by the pound.When cut and pierced they are sold in rows containing100 pieces to each row.—R. E.]
17 Imperial Salt Works, Wielicsha , Galicia.
Samples of culinary salt.
[This important article, salt, forms the object of aState monopoly, and is of three descriptions — rock,boiled, and sea salt. The aggregate quantity produced is,on an average, 6,000,000 cwt. per annum, whereof 10 percent, is sea salt, 36 per cent, boiled, and 54 per cent, rocksalt.
In the year 1847 there were 211,000 cwt. of sea saltimported for the consumption of the Lombardo-Venetianprovinces ; whilst 895,400 cwt. of rock and boiled saltwere exported: namely, 678,000 cwt. to Russia , 116,800cwt. to Prussia, 48,000 cwt. to Turkey, 4*5,100 cwt. toSwitzerland , and the residue, in smaller proportions, toBavaria and Lichtenstein.]
IS Weber, Gtov. Davide, Venice— Manufacturer.
Samples of fine cream of tartar.
19 Wagenmann, Seybel & Co., Vienna —Manufacturers.
Chemical productions, including tartaric acid, vinegar,acetic acid, acetate of soda, arsenic acid, chloride of lime,arseniate, sulphate, and muriate of potash.
[The production of chemical preparations, especially ofthose which have been brought forward by the great pro-gress of manufactures in general, has latterly, owing tothis impulse, furnished important results. Bohemia hasespecially distinguished herself by the manufacture ofcolours and of chemical preparations used in dyeing,whilst Vienna has not remained behind. Several of theseproductions—acids, and easily inflammable articles, salt-petre, phosphorus, &c.—are not exhibited, on account ofthe danger of carriage.