1132
produce. The heavy spar is used as the basis for manysorts of colours, in order to give them more body. "Whitelead is very commonly adulterated with heavy spar, It isalso used in potteries for glazing and mixing with clay.]
Fuller’s earth. In some parts of the country depositsof this substance have been worked for a long period.Extensive deposits have been recently found in otherdistricts.
Specimens of potter’s clay, and coloured earth; ochre.
[Nassau is very rich in potter’s clay, of the best quality;it is partly exported in a raw state under the name ofValendar clay. The manufacture of earthenware in Nassau is susceptible of greater development; a great drawbackhitherto having been the cost of fuel. These clays aremanufactured into stone-ware cruets, pots, cans, jugs, andhydraulic pipes of great solidity. There are also somemanufactories of porcelain and fine pottery ware, claytobacco pipes, and common earthenware.]
Samples of stone-ware, to show its mass. This stone-ware is extremely cheap, and is exported in great quantities. !
[The duchy of Nassau , though of small extent, is sin-gularly rich in mineral produce, and the variety is perhapsmore remarkable than the actual quantity of such riches.A large part of the country is covered with basalt, butbeneath and amongst this are schists abounding withsmall mineral veins, and alternating with altered lime-stones and marble. Mines have been worked extensivelyin the upper part of the valley of the Lahn, where the prin-cipal mineral produce is rich copper ore. A little to thewest are masses of iron ore, amongst which the stahlstein ,or sparry carbonate, is the most remarkable. There arealso in many places veins of rich argentiferous galena, for-merly worked to much greater extent than at the presentday. Somo of the mines also contain nickel, cobalt, zinc,and manganese in considerable quantities. Dillenburgmay be regarded as the capital of the mining district ofNassau .
The beds of lignite, near Hachenburg and elsewhere inthe country, are very thick, and contain a large quantityof material; but hitherto they have not been economicallyworked, nor has the lignite been used to any extent com-pared with the large supply that exists.—D. T. A.]
2 Losses, M., Iron Foundry , Miehelbach —Proprietor.
Iron. Samples of pig, cast, and bar iron. Grey tenderpig, or cast iron, with, specimens of slags and artificialplumbago. White hard pig and cast iron. Plate of castiron, direct from the high furnace. Samples of cast ironbars, B feet long and 1 inch square,broken bydeflecting themin the middle to the extent of one inch. Samples of bariron from the puddling process, once refined. The barsrolled and bent, in right angles, and perforated by ham-mering when cold. Samples inches broad, and f-inchthick, worked on edge with hammers of 13 lb, weight,without showing any cracks. Iron bar, bent when hotat a right angle ; the one end forged to show the texture.Samples, bent to breaking. Iron axle (with box of castiron), bent cold. ___
£ The Isabellenhutte Smelting- Works, nearDillenzburg .
Specimens of nickel and compositions of it.
[Nickel is found in combination with sulphur, andmixed with iron and copper pyrites. The separation ofthe metal is now performed, not by smelting, but by solu-tion in acids.]
Specimens of nickel, in cubes, as it is brought tomarket, containing 97'5 per cent, of nickel, *5 per cent.
of copper, *9 per cent, of iron, IT per cent, refuse andloss. German silver, bar, polished on one side (thecomposition being 8 copper, 3 nickel, 3-| zinc); andGerman silver plate, polished on one side (composition,8 copper, 3 nickel, 6* zinc).
Combination of arsenic, nickel, and copper with sul-phur and a small portion of iron, the produce of the smelt-ing process.
[In the mines 7,000 hands are occupied, and 2,000 moreat the smelting works, or, in all, 9,000. The populationdependent upon the mining industry is, therefore, equalto 45,000, or the tenth part of the whole population ofNassau .]
Specimens of clay tobacco-pipes: exhibited for thecheapness of produce, and to show the quality of thepipe-clay. Specimens of ochre and earth colours.
4 Eossler, Frederic Yon, Westerburg .
Coke manufactured from bituminous coal.
5 The Marble Manufactory at Fiez .
Specimens of manufactured marble, including vases,
candlesticks, snuff-boxes, and marble columns.
[The marble of Nassau forms part of the transitionrocks of that country. This marble, of different tints—•red, black, yellow and grey—is worked in manufactoriesand single workshops in the country near Lahn. Monu-ments, columns, chimneys, vases, chimney-pieces, &c., aremade of it. The quality of the marble of Nassau is notvery excellent, as the fossiliferous limestones which put onthat character are rather metamorphic than truly crystal-line. They are thus brittle, much veined, and of irregulartexture; but many of them are very beautiful and welladapted for ornamental purposes. The specimens exhi-bited are for the most part small, but possess some in-terest.— D. T. A.]
0 Leicher, A., & Co., Wiesbaden —Manufacturers.
Samples of red burnt terra cotta clay.
Articles manufactured of the clay. Columns and hang-ing flower-vases, to show the quality of the material andthe style of workmanship,
7 Boehr, Friedrich, Wiesbaden —Manufacturer.
Samples of ultramarine, free from adulteration,
8 Heckel, T. A., Fiebrich —Manufacturer.
Clarionets, in A, B, and C, of cocoa-nut wood, and bas-soon, of maple wood with valves of German silver, of ne\^and improved construction.
9 WlNGENDER BROTHERS, Iloelir.
Assortment of clay tobacco-pipes.
10 Muhlenbacii & Thewald, Hoehr.
An assortment of clay tobacco-pipes.
11 Montag, Ludwig, Wiesbaden —Manufacturer.
Basket of black buffalo-horn, inlaid with white Bra-zilian horn.
12 Beesten , J. tan, Wiesbaden—Artist.
Models of fruits, embossed in wax.
13 Geismar, Ludwig, & Co., Wiesbaden —
Manufacturers.
Gun press, overlaid with staghorn, the ornaments i* 1ivory, 7 ft. high, 4 ft. broad, and Itt ft. deep.
Cup in ivory, with figures in alto and basso relievo,subject “ Christ blessing the children.”
Brooches in ivory, of various designs. Bracelets lJ1ivory, of seven links, representing figures of game.
“Porte-monnaie;” paper-knives; letter-case, andletteweights.