1270
necessary to soak it in water for a certain time in orderthat it may resume its natural properties.
53 Roth, Jacob, Wangen , Canton of Berne —
Proprietor.
Horse-liair, black intermixed with grey; bullock*s-liair(Swiss), flaxen ; and (Brazil), white; liorse-hair (Brazil ),black; (Swiss ), black; and white.
54 Fogliardi, Gr. B., Melano , Canton of Tessin —
Proprietor.
Raw silk, spun on a new system; exhibited for itsequality, strength, and elasticity.
5 5 Laue, Eliza, Wildegg , Canton of Argovie —Producer.
White and yellow raw silk, reeled; cocoons of silk.
56 Lendenmann, T. Conrad, Truh, near St. Gall ,
Canton of Appenzell —Manufacturer.
G-elatine from bones, for stiffening silks, and clearingwines.
57 Stern, Abraham, Gunten , near Thoune , Can-
Wood , hard and soft, adapted for musical instruments,produced in the canton of Berne, and exported to France for the manufacture of pianos.
58 Ledoun, Augustes, Geneva —Inventor.
Frame of a double lithographic press, raising indiffer-ently cither on the right or left, thus avoiding the returnof the carriage after the drawing of the first copy. Thisframe is adapted to the lithographic press of English con-struction.
59 Schilt, Y., Soleure —Inventor and Manufacturer.Calculating machine, applicable for the performance
of addition with ease and accuracy. In its use, the in-strument is first set in motion by lowering the knobswhich are fixed to the small box till they stop, and thenallowing them to come up again, then by pressing on theseveral parts marked with numeral figures, on those ofthem intended to be added together, their sum will beshown at the upper opening. The inside of the machinemay be seen by removing the screws and iron plate under-neath the box, but none of the other screws should betouched.
CO Boelstler, Joseph, Aran , Canton of Argovie —Manufacturer.
Improved machine for cutting bread. The knives (ofE nglish cast steel) are screwed so as to be easily taken off andfitted on again. One person with this machine can cutbread for 150 persons in an hour. Many of these machinesare manufactured for the Swiss barracks, inns, hospitals,boarding-schools, &c.
Press for cutting out and stamping; it has been in usefor several years. Specimen of watch hands, as they leavethe stamp, produced by this instrument.
62 Schelling & Co., Horgen ., Canton of Zurich —
Manufacturers.
Sheets for cotton carding, and for sheep wool. Pil-lets; cotton pillets. Leather cards.
63 Stotzer, Frederic, Bmen , Canton of Berne —
Files of various kinds used for clock-making, with a nu-merous assortment of polishing instruments in steel, thewhole inclosed in a round frame.
Tools for engraving landscapes, flowers, zones, and otherornaments on watch-cases and gold dials. Burnishers.Punches; punches in relief. Polishing chisels. Tracers.
Four ivy leaves; two oak leaves. Six various leaves. Twoflower works. Four tools for engraving blades of grass.Three hollow tracers ; one double relief tracer. Fourtools for engraving the bark of a tree. One tool to de-signate towns on maps, painted on watch-cases. Thistool produces a drawing which can be easily seen whenthe piece is enamelled.
65 Laue, Frederic, Wildegg , Canton of Argovie —Inventor and Manufacturer.
A new patent boring apparatus for artesian wells,consisting of boring tubes supplied with a valve-auger, bywhich, during the process, the mud produced by theborer is removed by penetrating into the tube. By thismeans the auger is preserved from fouling. The use ofthis apparatus is shown in combination with thin poles,on a smaller scale. This apparatus was employed forboring to a depth of 1,300 feet in the Jura .
[Perpendicular borings in the ground for water arecalled Artesian wells (Puits Artesiens), from the circum-stance that they were first used in the district of Artois,in France . Their character will be best understood froma diagram. Here A is the surface soil of the district, to
til'
- 1
mm
mm
wm
which a water supply is desired; a a is a thick mass ofrock or clay, through which the water finds its way withdifficulty. Below this exists a sandy, gravelly, or otherpervious stratum b b, which extends under the district,and coops out in some distant hills. This is the case withthe chalk formations of the metropolis, c is an Artesianboring through the superincumbent mass, through whichthe water rises to the surface and overflows, this beingdue to the pressure of the water in this basin. Artesianwells are now of very common occurrence, and althoughthought to be of recent construction, they appear to havebeen long known in Italy and in Artois, and probably tothe ancients. Niebuhr, quoting from Olympiodorus ,writes, “ wells are sunk in the Oases , from 200 and 300 to400 yards in depth (the yard being equal to half a foot),whence the water rises and flows over.”—It. II.]
66' Kafp, Charles Henry, Lausanne .
Long bows for ladies and gentlemen, made of laburnum(or cytisus tree) of the Jura , the grasp in amaranth velvet,adorned with.silver. Bow for gentlemen, which can betaken to pieces ; the moveable part is ornamented, thegrasp is in iron covered with satin. Bows with simplestrings (fillets), ornamented. Case containing arrows, re-markable for the numerous pieces of wood, of differentcolours, of which they aro composed. One is composedof 1000 pieces of common wood.
Double-shot gun, single barrel, and with loads placed
over one another. A single trigger suffices to dischargetwo shots in succession, an arrangement of value in quickshooting.
68 Sauerbrey, Yalentin, Bale —Manufacturer.
Swiss rifle, cast-steel barrel, patent screw; ornamented
with history of William Tell . Leather case, ramrod andcleaning rod of whalebone. Walnut case with necessaryinstruments.