1406
mentioned establishments ceased to work some yearssince; and were replaced six years ago by a more perfectbuilding at the Pirseus, by the present exhibitors, whichis now in full work, employing from 50 to 60 individuals.The whole quantity of different qualities of silk producedthroughout the kingdom is upwards of 70,000 oques,50,000 of which are annually exported. The remainderis used in the kingdom by the manufacturers of silkstuffs, as well as in other articles that Greek womenweave and knit for their own use.]
51 Pantazopoulus, A., Calamata (Messenia )—
Manufacturer.
Hank of silk, prepared according to the Italian methodintroduced some years since; the same, prepared accord-ing to the old method in Peloponnesus . This kind isused for fine woven silks, and is called in Greece , SJcepi-ticon; another, for sewing and embroidery, commonlycalled- Bersimlichi.
52 Pithoulis, Nicolas, Sparta —Manufacturer.
Hank of silk, prepared according to the Italian method
introduced some years ago.
53 Constantoulaki, — , Hydra —Manufacturer.
Silk sashes, worn by the seamen of Greece . The fac-tory of handkerchiefs, scarfs, &c., has been establishedsince the beginning of the Greek revolution, and employsabout twenty men.
[The above-mentioned sashes and belts are worked forthe male inhabitants of Hydra at Constantoulaki’s manu-factory. This establishment is one of the most perfect ofits kind existing in Greece , using the most completemachinery. It employs regularly from 15 to 20 hands.Resides this establishment, the monks in the monasteryof St. Elias make the same kind of belts. All these beltsare consumed on the spot, as they are much used by sailors.The silks of Kalamus are worked by the nuns of theconvent of St. Constantine, which still exists there; theyare consumed in different parts of the country, beingpreferred on account of the strength of the material fromwhich they are made. The shawls of Kumi are wovenin the silk establishment of John Apostolas, producingyearly from 100 to 150 of them. Resides this firm, thereare also others employed in the same business.]
54 The Nuns of St. Constantine, St. Constantme’s
Convent —Manufacturers.
Silk musquito curtains. Silk handkerchiefs.
55 Calotas, Panagiotti, Syr a —Manufacturer.
Leather (bullock hide). This article is tanned in dif-ferent parts of Greece ; the best is from Syra, from whichisland a large quantity is exported to Syria, Egypt , andTurkey . This branch of industry annually increases.
[The arts of tanning and shoemaking are common toall parts of Greece , and especially in some of the islandsof the iEgean Sea, from which shoes and tanned hidesare often exported to Turkey . The consumption ofthese articles being considerable in Greece , and the chiefmaterials in abundance, the people are successfully em-ployed in these trades.. The art of tanning was formerlylimited to the smallest-sized hides ; but, some few yearsago, it was greatly extended, embracing the preparationof all sizes, both at Pylos of Messenia and Syra. Rutin the last of these places, from whence the exhibitedspecimens came, the trade lias been so considerably in-creased that, in addition to the native raw ox-hides,from 40,000 to 50,000 are annually imported by the
manufacturers, three-fourths of which come from theRrazils.
The quantity of tanned hides exported from Greece toTiu’key, the Ionian Islands, and Trieste , amounts to morethan 30,000.]
56 Saris & Rengos, Athens —Manufacturers.
Palicar dress, embroidered in gold, and consisting of
doulama, fenneli (upper jacket) ; pair of gaiters ; pair ofsilk garters; fez, with gold tassel; silk sash; fustenella ;shirt; pair of trousers; and pair of red morocco shoes.This dress is represented in the accompanying Plate, 113.
[The art of embroidering, both in silk and gold, has oflate been considerably improved in Greece . The silk-embroidered dresses are of an inferior description, and thegold-embroidered are only used by the higher classes. Asrespects men’s apparel, gold embroidery is only in useamong the irregular troops of the army, and only then bythemost wealthy among them. The costume for ladies con-sists of a short mantelet; if embroidered in silk, it costsabout 60 drachmas; ingold, 100 drachmas to 400 drachmas,according to circumstances. The costume sent for exhi-bition represents the male attire, and varies in price from2,000 to 6,000 drachmas. Some persons aver that thisdescription of dress is the most economical, as it is notsubject to various changes of fashion, and also from itsdurability.
The persons who embroidered the dress exhibited areamong the most skilful, having been educated in theSchool of Art, and have subsequently adapted the know-ledge acquired there to manufactures. The fez wasmanufactured in the cathedral; a similar manufactory tothat of Tunis having been established there by theGovernment some years since, and annually produces5,000 to 10,000, which are principally used in the king-dom, only a small portion being sent to Turkey .
Shoes. —These are made by Greek shoemakers fromleather tanned in Greece . The manufactures of tanningand shoemaking are increasing in Greece . In addition tothe ordinary description of leather, they also skilfullyimitate morocco in many colours, which have been praisedby Europeans. The yellow morocco is the best, and isused for many purposes. The price of shoes, similar tothose exhibited, is 4 to 5 drachmas. In addition to thegoods exhibited, many samples of oil and wine were sentto the Central Commission at Athens, but were rejectedwhen the Commission received notice from the CentralCommission of England that such goods would not bereceived; but, as the export of them forms a considerableitem in the exports from Greece , we deem it advisable togive a few remarks relative to these articles.]
57 Congos, George, Patras —Manufacturer.
Liquorice juice. The root is found in different parts of
Greece, and is sweeter than that found in Sicily and Spain .The juice contains a greater quantity of saccharine matterthan that made in Calabria ,
[The plant yielding liquorice is Gtlycyrrhiza glabra; it isone of the papilionaceous plants. The sweet, mucilaginousjuice of the roots, in an inspissated and often adulteratedform, is the stick-liquorice, or solazzi-juice of commerce.—■R. E.]
[The liquorice root grows wild in many parts of Greece ,and especially in the province of Achaia, at Corinth ,Phthiotis, and Missolonghi , in great abundance; its qualityis considered very good, and has induced many to under-take its manufacture. Rut the number is now jnuch'