1448
which the rein outcrops. The mine was opened only lastspring, and with a small force nearly 3,000 tons of ore■were got out and brought down to the works of the NewJersey Exploring and Mining Company, which are situatedon tide water, a few miles from New York . The MorrisCanal furnishes ready and cheap transportation for theore generally; but being closed by ice last season, before itwas determined to send this large sample to the GreatExhibition , unusual means had to be adopted to get it toNew York , at an expense of about 200Z. No means ofmoving a mass of such immense weight being at hand atthe mines, a truck of the largest size was sent for thepurpose from New York . The first attempt failed, fromwant of proper apparatus, and the truck returned. Asecond truck, fitted out completely for the service, wasthen despatched, the Company having determined to sendthis fine sample of ore to the Exhibition at any cost.The task was one of greater difficulty than may be sup-posed, for within 20 miles from the mines three highranges of mountains were to be crossed; it was mid-winter and the roads w'ere bad, and in some places quiteprecipitate. Heavy teams of horses and oxen were re-quired to draw the truck up the mountains, and, indescending, it had to be held back by means of strongblock-and-tackle rigging, fastened to the trees on theroad side. Being thus transported over the mountains, adistance of 20 miles, the ore reached the town of Dover,the terminus of the Morris and Essex Railway, upon whichit was brought to the city of New York , a distance of40 miles. Here it was again placed on the truck, andtaken to the Navy Yard at Brooklyn , where it was shippedon board the United States frigate, St. Lawrence. Havingbeen landed safely at Southampton, it was brought toLondon by rail, without charge, through the very liberalarrangements of the citizens of that town, in regard toarticles intended for the Exhibition from the UnitedStates .]
Frankhnite. An iron ore from the same locality, theconstituents of which, according to the above chemicalauthorities, are 67 parts peroxide of iron, 17 oxide of zinc,16 sesquioxide of manganese.
Specimens of pure metallic zinc or spelter, the produceof the red oxide of zinc ore.
Zinc white, or white oxide of zinc. It has no offensivesmell, and its colour is durable.
Specimens of painting, executed on wood with zincpaints.
167 Tbenton Ikon Company, Trenton, New Jersey —Manufacturer.
Specimens of iron wire, rivets, &c.
108 HeinizCH, It., Newark, New York .
Shears, trimmers, and scissors.
171 Bbyant, William, Nashville, Tennessee —Inventor.
Subsoil plough. The model is one-fourth the length,height, &c., of a common one-horse plough. The body ofthe plough is of cast-iron (in the model it is of brass).The share, or cutter, is made of cast-iron, or of wrouglit-iron with a steel edge welded to it: the gouge-shape of thepoint gives greater strength to it, so that a thinner andsharper one can be used. The coulter is of wrought-iron,with a steel edge. The depth of the ploughing is regu-lated partly by placing the foremost end of the devicehigher or lower; the coulter is set to run deeper orshallower by an adjusting screw on the front prong.
The improvements aimed at in this plough are, correct-arrangement, cheapness of construction and of repair, anda more effective ploughing, in consequence of the coulterrunning in the furrow after the plough, and loosening thesubsoil two or three inches (more or less) deeper thancommon plougliing.
172 Jones, J. Y., Charleston , South Carolina .Samples of Upland cotton.
172a Jones, J. R., Charleston ., South Carolina .Samples of Upland cotton.
172b IIampton, "YYade, Charleston , South Carolina .Sample of Upland cotton.
172o IIeeiot, E. T., Charleston , South Carolina .Sample of clean rice.
172d Ward, J. J., Charleston , South Carolina ,Specimens of sheaf rice.
172e M £ Leod, W. W., Charleston , South Carolina .Specimens of Sea Island cotton.
[The cotton derived by this country from the UnitedStates is known as Sea Island and Upland , and thedistinction between these varieties is important. TheSea Island cotton derives its name from the nature of thelocalities in which it is cultivated. This cotton is pro-duced principally in the small sandy islands scatteredalong the shores of Carolina and also of Virginia. Thestaple is very fine, long, and even, and it is more readilyseparated from the reed than that of the Upland cotton.The latter is cultivated in much larger quantities, theexports in 1845 being 863,516,371 lbs., but the staple isinferior in length and evenness to that of the Sea Island growth.—It. E.]
174 Capers, Charles B., St. Helena Island , South
Cypress canoe-boat, formed out of the trunk of acypress tree—the common boat of the country.
17 4a Artman, J., Charleston South Carolina .
Phaeton carriage.
175 G-raniteyille Factory, Graniteville , South
Specimens of shirting and dialling.
175a Charleston Factory, Charleston ., SouthCarolina .
Cotton cloth (shirtings and sheetings).
176 Bell, E. B., Charleston South Carolina .Specimens of Palmetto cedar, oak, and other woods.
176a De SaUSSure, J. B., Charleston South Carolina —Producer.
Specimen of sweet gum-wood.
[The sweet gum-tree is the Liquidmibar styracifera , alarge and beautiful tree with a fine-grained wood. It is anative chiefly of the Southern States.—»E. E.]
176b South Carolina Railroad Company,Charleston South Carolina .
A circular table.