UNITED STATES.
1407
530 Lee, J., & Co., Boston , Massachusetts .
Samples of linsecd-oil cake.
531 Goddard, L., 6 Crescent, America Sq., London .Two blades of whalebone from the month of the polar
whale.
532 Perkins, A. M., of London —Inventor.
Hot-water apparatus ; hot-water oven; blast furnaces;hot-water steam-boiler; steam-gun and case; iron rightand left screw-joint.
[The high-pressure principle of heating was originallyinvented by this exhibitor. It is effected by the employ-ment of wrought-iron tubes of small bore. The water inthese tubes is made to circulate at a high degree of velo-city, and never rises into steam, although its temperaturemay range far above that of 212 degrees, the ordinaryboiling point of this fluid. This system of heating apart-ments lias been adopted in some of our national institu-tions, as at the British Museum . The application of high-pressure steam to the purposes of projectiles, is also dueto this inventor. The steam-gun exhibited, dischargeswith immense power and velocity, a large number of ballsin a few seconds. The application of the heat of water,confined in the same wrought-iron tubes, to economicalpurposes, is more recent. By this means an oven may bethoroughly heated so as to bake and perform other culi-nary processes with great facility, it is attended also witheconomy.—B. E.]
533 Francis, J., Nieto York.
Bowing-boat of Spanish cedar.
535 Ashmead & Hitrbtjrt, Hartford, Connecticut .Machine-made gold foil, exhibited for its evenness of
fibre, its toughness while under pressure of the instru-ment, and for its susceptibility of becoming solid whenpressed home into the cavity. The machine is on exhi-bition in the English department (Class 5, No. 126). Alsogold leaf, exhibited for its quality.
536 Willard, Mrs. E., Troy, New York .
Maps.
537 Goddard, L., 6 Crescent , America Square,
Two blades of whalebone from the mouth of the balosnamysticetus, or polar whale, through which the food istaken into the stomach, taken in the Arctic Seas , nearKamtschatka by the ship Envoy, Captain Walker, of NewBedford, Masachusetts .
A four-oared rowing boat, built of Spanish cedar, fas-tened with polished brass rivets, panelled inside withbranch mahogany, bird’s-eye maple, and ebony ; the stemsheets strengthened with carvings of the rose, shamrockand thistle in mahogany, and also the outside of thestern. The rudder is of beautifully figured branch ma-hogany bound with brass, and the yoke has the Lion andUnicom superbly carved upon it. Oars with the boat.Builder : Joseph Francis, New York , state barge builderto the Emperor of Brazil, the Grand Duke Alexander ofBussia, &c. _
538 Sholl, J., Burlington.
Beehive and bees.
Shirts.
540 Andrews, H. Q., New York .
Sarsaparilla.
541 Perkins, A. M., London , ^England —Inventor.
An apparatus for circulating hot w'ater at high tem-peratures, invented and patented by the exhibitor. The
above apparatus is applicable to a great variety of pur-poses, amongst which are the following, viz.:—
1. Warming apparatus.—It has been extensively used inthe Government works and in private buildings in Englandand in other countries. It may be limited to a low tem-perature by a due proportion of the heating surface whichis in the fire to that which is out of the fire.
2. Hot-water oven.—This is a plan for heating ovens forbaking bread and biscuits, for roasting coffee and otherarticles, where equal and high temperatures are required.
3. Blast-furnaces and forges.—This is a plan for trans-ferring heat from, the mouths of furnaces and backs ofsmiths’ forges, for keeping down the temperature to pre-vent burning them, and also for making hollow fires.
4. Hot-water steam boiler.—This is a plan for generatingsteam, which may be done by this system under any de-gree of pressure, from 1 lb. to 500 lbs. to the square inch,with safety, as is exemplified in the discharge of balls fromthe steam gun.
5. The steam gun.—This is the invention of the lateJacob Perkins , who, in the year 1824, constructed agenerator of such form and strength as allowed him tocarry on his experiments with highly elastic steam with-out danger, although subjected to a pressure of 1,400 lbs.the square inch. This high pressure of 1,400 lbs. to thesquare inch required so high a degree <5f heat that the ironof which the generator w'as made soon became destroyed.It was therefore considered desirable to reduce the pressureto 500 lbs. to the square inch, which lias been found suffi-cient to discharge balls with the force of gunpowder.
The hot-water apparatus is not in the least injured atthat high temperature, and is therefore a suitable and safemeans of applying heat and pressure.
6. As great strength of material is required for the con-struction of the hot-water apparatus, and as perfect jointsare indispensable, a specimen of Whiteliouse’s patentwrought-iron tubing, as manufactured by Messrs. JohnBussell and Co., of Wednesbury, is submitted. Thistubing will bear a pressure of 5,000 lbs. to the square inch,and is the only suitable material of which the apparatusshould be constructed. The joint is the invention otthe exhibitor, and it answers its purpose most effectually.
7. Cast-iron right and left screw-joint. This joint isapplicable for water-pipes, hot or cold, and for gas-pipes,and will bear any pressure to which the east-iron pipesmay be subjected.
542 St. John, J. B., Buffalo —Inventor,
Yelocimeter.
544 Beach Brothers, New York .
Cheap newspapers.
[America has long been celebrated for the abundance andexcessive cheapness of her newspapers. No organizationof any extent is without its representative in the press.Of late it appears to have been attempted to increase thesize of page of these already large sheets, and some spe-cimens exhibited, greatly exceed the ordinary size of thepage of English paper, and are produced at extremely lowrates. Some extraordinary printing presses have recentlybeen erected in the United States , which are employed inprinting these papers.]