39
AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION.
Art. 1. Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment Religiousof religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the libert r-freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably toassemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances.
Art. 2. A well-regulated militia being necessary to the security ofa free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not 11 'be infringed.
Art. 3. No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any Quarteringhouse without the consent of the owner ; nor in time cf war, but in a «>>d>era.manner to be prescribed by law.
Art. 4. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, Warranls ofhouses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and sei- search orzures, shall not be violated; and no warrants shall issue but uponprobable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describingthe place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.
Art. 5. No person shall be held to answer for a capital or other- privileges ofwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a accused -grand jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia,when in actual service, in time of war or public danger; nor shall any personbe subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb, norshall be compelled, in any criminal case, to be a witness against himself, norbe deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law ; nor shallprivate property be taken for public use, without just compensation.
Art. 6. In all criminal prosecutions the accused shall enjoy the Rights 0 fright to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the state accused -and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shallhave been previously ascertained by law; and to be informed of the nature andcause of the accusation ; to be confronted with the witnesses against him ; tohave compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor; and to havethe assistance of counsel for his defence.
Art. 7. In suits at common law, where the value in controversy cjviJ suj[5shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be pre-served ; and no fact tried by a jury shall be otherwise re-examined in any courtof the United States , than according to the rules of the common law.
Art. 8. Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines Bail, punish-imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. ments.
Art. 9. The enumeration in the constitution of certain rights, shall Rights re-not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. tained -
Art. 10. The powers not delegated to the United States by the con- Reservedstitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states P° wers -respectively, or to the people.
Art. 11. The judicial power of the United States shall not be con- state notstrued to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecu- suaWe -ted against one of the United States by citizens of another state, or by citizensor subjects of any foreign state.
Art. 12. The electors shall meet in their respective states, and Election ofvote by ballot for president and vice-president, one of whom, at least,shall not be an inhabitant of the same state with themselves; they president,shall name in their ballots the person voted for as president, and in distinctballots the person voted for as vice-president; and they shall make distinctlists of all persons voted for as president, and of all persons voted for as vice-president, and of the number of votes for each, which lists they shall sign andcertify, and transmit sealed to the seat of the government of the United States ,