68
1 Pendletonj Lockporl
WX*1& Middleport
Itoad under can.
In 1790,1800,1810,
f Brockport
h Rochester
7J, Pittsfield
Grt. Embankment
1 Palmyra
f Newarkh Lyons
3- Clyde
i Montezuma
i IVeedsport
Jordan
SlrSi
•Z£2 Otisco
s y r « c u**UfSfRlii Manlius
Nets Boston
Oneida Or.
P Steel's Or.
1 German Flats
=*• Fall HillLittle Falls
CanajoharlsAnthony's Nose
* Schokarie
f Flint Hill| Plaitskill Jlq.
I SchenectadyIVat Hoiz GapCahoos FallsChamplain Canal. AlbanyHudson River
Population at Different Periods.
Population. Increase from Slave*.
340,120 21,321
586,050 1790 to 1800, 245,930 20,613
959,049 1800 1810, 372,999 15,017
1820, 1,372,812 1810 1820, 413,763 10,063
1825, 1,616,458
1830, 1,913,508 1820 1830, 540,696 46
The principal rivers are the Hudson, Mohawk, St.Lawrence, Delaware , Susquehanna, Tioga, Allegha-ny, Genesee, Oswego , Niagara, Tonnewanta, Black,Oswegatchie, St. Regis, Racket, Salmon, and Sara-nac. A part of the lakes Erie, Ontario , and Cham-plain, belongs to New York . The other lakes inthis state are, lakes George, Cayuga, Seneca, Oneida,Oswegatchie, Canandaigua, Chatauque, Skeneatiles,and several smaller ones.
New York State Canals.
Length. Total cost. Tolls in 1831.
Erie Canal 303 miles. 89,027,456 95 81.091,714 26
Champlain 63 “ 1,179,871 05 102,896 23
Oswego 38 “ 525,115 37 16,271 10
Cayuga & Seneca 20 “ 214,000 31 12,920 39
SI,223,801 98
The Erie Canal , which forms a communicationbetween the Hudson and lake Erie , extending fromAlbany to Buffalo , is the most magnificent work ofthe kind in America , and is much longer than anycanal in Europe .
The Champlain Canal, which forms a communi-cation between the Hudson and lake Champlain , is63 miles long, and extends from Whitehall to Water-vliet, where it unites with the Erie Canal .
The Oswego Canal extends from Oswego to Salina,38 miles, and unites lake Ontario with the Erie Canal .
The Delaware and Hudson Canal, formed by theDelaware and Hudson Canal Company, extends fromthe Hudson to the Delaware , 60 miles ; thence up thoDelaware , 22 miles; thence up the valley of theLackawaxen to Honesdale, 24 miles; total length,106 miles: average cost, about 815,000 a mile.
The debt on account of canals, on the 1st of January, 1832, was 8,055,645 dollars.
The following are the principal cities and towns :New York, Albany, Utica , Hudson, Troy, and Sche-nectady, cities ; Newburgh, Poughkeepsie , Cattskill,Athens, Lansingburgh, Waterford, and Sandy Hill,on the Hudson ; Cooperstown , Goshen, Cherry Val-ley, Sacket’s Harbor, Oswego , Auburn, Skeneatiles,Geneva, Canandaigua, Rochester, and Buffalo , westof the Hudson ; Plattsburg, on Lake Champlain , andBrooklyn and Sag-Harbor, on Long Island .
The surface of the eastern part of the state of NewYork , is greatly diversified; there are some leveltracts; but the greater part is hilly, or mountainous.The Cafskill mountains are the principal range in thestate. There are numerous summits west of Lake